3: The Psychology of Exercise

Question 1

Body system composed of cardiovascular and respiratory systems?

Answer 1

cardiorespiratory system

Question 2

a system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels:

Answer 2

cardiovascular system

Question 3

a hallow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhythmic contraction:

Answer 3

heart

Question 4

what does the cardiovascular system provide the kinetic chain;

Answer 4

O2
nutrients
protective agents
means to remove waste by-products

*ensures optimal cellular function within the kinetic chain

Question 5

where is the heart positioned:

Answer 5

Obliquely in the center of the chest (thoracic cavity), lying anteriorly to the spine and posteriorly to the sternum

Question 6

The space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest, except the lungs:

Answer 6

mediastinum

Question 7

what is the size and weight of the typical adult heart:

Answer 7

adult heart:

size of adult fist, weighs approx 300g (10oz)

Question 8

what is another term for the heart muscle:

Answer 8

cardiac muscle

*is considered an involuntary muscle

Question 9

superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles:

Answer 9

atrium

Question 10

inferior chamber of the heart that receives blood from its corresponding atrium and , in turn, forces blood into the arteries:

Answer 10

ventricle

Question 11

____ _____ gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the entire body:

Answer 11

right atrium

Question 12

internal rotation refers to the rotation of a joint toward the ____ of the body:

Answer 12

middle

Question 13

____ refers to a position away from the center of the body or the point of reference:

Answer 13

distal

Question 14

an anatomical position on the opposite side of the body is called:

Answer 14

contralateral

Question 15

a force that produces rotation is called ____:

Answer 15

torque

Question 16

a bending movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments decreases is called ______:

Answer 16

flexion

Question 17

a(n) _____ muscle action accors when a muscle is exerting force greater than the resistive force, resulting in shortening of the muscle:

Answer 17

Concentric

Question 18

the _____ _____ bisects the body into right and left sides:

Answer 18

sagittal plane

Question 19

shoulder elevation refers to the ____ motion of the scapula:

Answer 19

superior

Question 20

this controls rhythm of heart beats; pacemaker of the heart:

Answer 20

sinoatrial node

Question 21

The sinoatrial node controls the ____ of heart beats:

Answer 21

rhythm

Question 22

Are the atria the top or bottom chambers of the heart:

Answer 22

top

Question 23

Are the ventricles the top of bottom chambers of the heart:

Answer 23

bottom

Question 24

______ is the process by which a living organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and repair of tissues:

Answer 24

nutrition

Question 25

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree C:

Answer 25

calorie

Question 26

a unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories. The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a kilogram of water 1 degree C:

Answer 26

Kilocalorie

Question 27

What is TDEE:

Answer 27

Total Daily Energy Expenditure

*the amount of energy (calories) spent, on average, in a typical day

Question 28

What is RMR:

Answer 28

Resting Metabolic Rate

*the amount of energy at rest; represents the miniminal amount of energry required to sustain vital bodily functions such as blood circulation, respiration, and temp regulation

Question 29

List some factors that affect RMR:

Answer 29

Age
Sex
Genetics
Hormonal changes
Body Composition
Temperature
Altitude
Illness
Medication
Food/caffeine intake
cigarette smoking

Question 30

The effect of exercise on RMR: energy expenditure can be elevated between __ and __ minutes after exercise depending on the intensity and duration

Answer 30

10 and 90 minutes

Question 31

This is described as the increase in energy expenditure after a meal is consumed:

Answer 31

thermic effect of food