1: Modern State of Health & Fitness Flashcards
Obesity is a complex disease involving excessive body fat; classified by a BMI of ____ or greater:
30
Sudden lack of blood to the brain:
stroke
Define heart attack/myocardial infarction:
When an artery supplying the heart with blood and oxygen becomes blocked
A problem with heartbeat rate/rhythm:
arrhythmia
A category of heart-related problems caused by the narrowing of coronary arteries, which supply blood and o2 to heart:
Ischemic heart disease
_______ is the process by which plaque is formed in the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to heart or brain:
atherosclerosis
list some risk factors for developing atherosclerosis/heart disease:
tobacco use obesity physical inactivity alcohol/drug use high bp high cholesterol type 2 diabetes chronic stress poor diet
what is the difference between exercise and physical activity:
Exercise: structured and planned
Phys activity: regular movement that expends energy
T/F:
Regular exercise can increase levels of HDL:
True
____ is the simplest form of carbohydrate used by the body for energy:
Glucose
____ is defined as the inability of the cells to respond to insulin; occurs in type 2 diabetes:
Insulin Resistance
The main way exercise reduces stress is by the release of ___:
endorphins
a group of hormones secreted by the brain, can help reduce perception of pain
This type of muscle tissue connects to bones and generates the forces that create movement;
Skeletal muscle
T/F: Regular exercise can lower your risk of developing some cancers:
True
This is defined as a stretching or tearing of ligaments:
Sprain
An inflammation of the fibrous tissue along the bottom of the foot, often resulting in intense heel pain:
plantar fasciitis
List 3 of the most common knee injuries:
Patellar tendonitis
ACL tears
MCL tears
What does LPHC stand for:
Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex
*commonly referred to as the core
This syndrome is caused by rotator cuff tissues rubbing against the acromion bone of the shoulder:
Shoulder impingement syndrome
NASM’s proprietary approach to exercise training is called the ___ model:
OPT
Cholesterol is a waxy substance found in the blood that is made up of a combination of __ and ___:
Protein and fatty acids
______ is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps glucose get into cells to provide the energy for work:
Insulin
____ is an abnormal growth of cells that can result from a wide range of genetic and environmental factors:
Cancer
COPD stands for:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
_____ is an umbrella term for lung diseases characterized by increased breathlessness, airflow limitation, and accelerated decline of lung function:
COPD
Two of the most common issues at the foot and ankle are:
sprains
plantar fasciitis
Shoulder dysfunction is very common in the greater population, especially in those who frequently lift objects ____:
overhead
