9 - Milestones, screening and vaccinations Flashcards

1
Q

What is involved in childhood screening?

A
  • check milestones
  • check vaccination
  • deliver health promotion
  • target supervision and interventions
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2
Q

What is assessed at school and nursery entry?

A
  • personal, social and emotional development
  • physical development
  • communication skills
  • hearing and vision assessment
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3
Q

What are the milestones for 1 month?

A
  • able to raise head when on tummy
  • pays attention to face in direct vision
  • moves arms and legs
  • likes to be held and rocked
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4
Q

What are the milestones for 2 months?

A
  • smiles
  • coos
  • rolls part way to side when on back
  • grunts
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5
Q

What are the milestones for 3 months?

A
  • eyes follow moving object
  • able to support own head
  • grasps object placed in hand
  • babbles
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6
Q

What are the milestones for 4 months?

A
  • holds rattle for extended period
  • laughs
  • sits supported for short periods
  • recognises bottle and familiar faces
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7
Q

What are the milestones for 5 months?

A
  • reaches for and holds objects
  • stands firmly when held
  • stretches arms to be picked up
  • likes peek-a-boo (has learned permanence)
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8
Q

What are the milestones for 6 months?

A
  • turns from back to front
  • turns toward sound
  • sits with little support
  • reaches for objects out of reach
  • listens to own voice
  • squeals
  • grasps objects and brings to mouth (teething)
  • hold, sucks and bites
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9
Q

What are the milestones for 7 months?

A
  • transfer object between hands
  • sit for a few minutes unsupported
  • recognises image in mirror
  • creeps (pulling body with arms and leg kicks)
  • shy with strangers
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10
Q

What are the milestones for 8 months?

A
  • sit unsupported for 5 mins
  • crawls
  • grasps objects between thumb and first two fingers
  • likes to be near parent
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11
Q

What are the milestones for 9 months?

A
  • says mama or dada
  • responds to name
  • stand for short time
  • hit objects together
  • copies sounds
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12
Q

What are the milestones for 10 months?

A
  • able to pull self up
  • drink supported from cup
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13
Q

What are the milestones for 11 months?

A
  • walk holding furniture (cruising)
  • find object placed under another
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14
Q

What are the milestones for 1 year?

A
  • waves bye
  • walk with one hand held
  • says two words
  • some solid food
  • finger feeds self
  • likes audience
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15
Q

What are the milestones for 15 months?

A
  • walks by self
  • shows desires by pointing
  • scribbles on paper
  • begins using spoon
  • cooperates with dressing
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16
Q

What are the milestones for 18 months?

A
  • build tower of 3 blocks
  • climbs
  • takes things apart
  • 6 words
  • tries to put on shoes
  • drinks from cup held in both hands
  • likes to help parent
17
Q

What are the milestones for 2 years?

A
  • able to run
  • walks up stairs with alternative feet
  • 50 words
  • 2 word sentences
  • points to object in book
18
Q

What are the milestones for 3 years?

A
  • repeat 2 numbers
  • knows own gender
  • dresses self (except buttons)
  • copy drawing circle
  • understands stand on/off
  • knows parts of body
  • jumps
  • build tower of 9 blocks
19
Q

What are the milestones for 4 years?

A
  • repeat 6 word sentence
  • wash face and hands unaided
  • copy drawing cross
  • stand on one foot
  • catch ball
20
Q

What are the milestones for 5 years?

A
  • follow 3 commands
  • copy drawing square
  • skipping
21
Q

Why are childhood vaccinations important?

A
  • prevention infectious disease
  • reduced or eliminate infectious disease in community though herd immunity
22
Q

What vaccines are part of the UK childhood vaccination protocol?

A
  • diphtheria
  • tetanus
  • HIB
  • typhoid
  • polio
  • BCG (if living with grandparents who have travelled from high TB risk country)
  • pertussis
  • rotavirus
  • MMR
  • pneumococcal
  • meningitis B and C
  • flu
23
Q

Why might parents refuse childhood vaccinations?

A
  • religious or philosophical grounds
  • prevent “assault” on child
  • feel that benefits don’t outweigh risks
24
Q

What should you if a parent is refusing vaccination for their child?

A

Discuss with health visitor as may be sign of neglect/should be discussed with parent as child may be at risk of many infectious diseases