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Health Promotion - Exam 1 > 9: High Risk Pregnancy > Flashcards

9: High Risk Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

What age is considered high risk pregnancy?

A

> 35

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2
Q

What preexisting medical conditions indicate a high risk pregnancy?

A

RA, MS, SCI

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3
Q

What is an incompetent cervix?

A

Condition in which a weak cervix opens prematurely

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4
Q

When is an incompetent cervix typically diagnosed?

A

After one miscarriage or premature labor

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5
Q

What are interventions for incompetent cervix?

A

Cerclage, pessary, bedrest

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6
Q

What is cerclage?

A

Suturing of the incompetent cervix

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7
Q

What are general risk factors for preterm labor?

A

Multiple gestations, alcohol consumption, drugs, inadequate weight gain, standing, heavy physical labor, intercourse, hormones, infections, mental illness, stress

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8
Q

What is PROM?

A

Premature rupture of membranes - amniotic sac

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9
Q

When is labor likely to begin after PROM, and what happens if it does not?

A

Within 12 hours - if not within 24 will induce due to infection risk

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10
Q

Describe bleeding that indicates an early miscarriage

A

Pain in center of lower abdomen, severe pain for one day and then staining for three days

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11
Q

Describe bleeding with an ectopic pregnancy

A

Brown spotting associated with colicky/cramping pain with tenderness in the lower abdomen

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12
Q

Describe bleeding with a late miscarriage

A

Pick discharge for a couple of days followed by scanty brown discharge for one week. Then will bleed heavily

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13
Q

Describe bleeding in the 9th month

A

Pink or streaked mucous after intercourse or vaginal exam is normal

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14
Q

What is placenta previa?

A

The placenta has implanted in the lower end of the uterus and may be covering the cervical opening

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15
Q

With placenta previa, what will happen as the cervix dilates?

A

Placental separation from the uterine wall

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16
Q

How is placenta previa diagnosed?

A

Ultrasound

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17
Q

What is shown in the image?

A

Low-lying placenta previa

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18
Q

What is shown in the image?

A

Total placenta previa

19
Q

What is shown in the image?

A

Partial placenta previa

20
Q

What is abruptio placentae?

A

The placenta detaches from the uterine wall prematurely

21
Q

Why is abruptio placentae a medical emergency?

A

Baby: no oxygen source
Mother: bleeding from separation

22
Q

What is shown in the image?

A

Marginal separation of the abruptio placentae

23
Q

What is shown in the image?

A

Partial separation of the abruptio placentae

24
Q

What is shown in the image?

A

Complete separate and concealed hemorrhage of the abruptio placentae

25
Q

What is PIH?

A

Pregnancy induced hypertension

26
Q

What is gestational hypertension?

A

HTN develops > 20 weeks, will return to normal within 12 weeks post-partum

27
Q

What BP indicated pre-eclampsia?

A

> 140/90 mmHg

28
Q

What are the four key symptoms of pre-eclampisa?

A
  1. Increase in BP over 140/90
  2. Weight gain and edema
  3. Protein in urine
  4. Hyperreflexia
29
Q

What is the leading cause of preterm birth?

A

Pre-eclampsia

30
Q

What are symptoms of progressed pre-eclampsia?

A

Blurred vision, H/A, irritability, severe gastric pain

31
Q

What are you more at risk for if you have a history of pre-eclampsia?

A

2x as likely to develop early onset CV disease

32
Q

What is eclampsia?

A

Development of seizures or coma in women with pre-eclampsia

33
Q

What is the mortality rate of eclampsia?

A

2%

34
Q

What is HELLP Syndrome?

A

H: hemolysis
EL: elevated liver enzymes
LP: low platelets

35
Q

Can HELLP syndrome occur without HTN?

A

Yes

36
Q

What population is HELLP syndrome common in?

A

Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia

37
Q

How do you manage HELLP syndrome?

A

Correction of coagulation abnormalities and delivery

38
Q

What are four physical effects of bedrest?

A
  1. Glucose intolerance
  2. Sensory disturbances
  3. Fatigue
  4. Psychological effects
39
Q

What are five antepartum training objectives for high risk pregnancy?

A
  1. Muscle conditioning
  2. Promote optimal circulation
  3. Bed mobility and energy conservation
  4. Comfort
  5. Education
40
Q

What is the importance of muscle conditioning with high risk pregnancy pt’s?

A

Prevent decreased muscle tone and deconditioning

41
Q

What is the safest position to exercise in for high risk pregnancy pt’s?

A

Sidelying

42
Q

Why should you work to promote optimal circulation in high risk antepartum patients?

A

DVT prevention, maintain uterine blood flow to avoid mechanical obstruction, avoid valsalva

43
Q

Why should you train modified bed mobility and energy conservation?

A

Avoid increased in abdominal pressure

44
Q

What education should you provide in relation to childbirth?

A

Safe positions to assume during labor and delivery to optimize comfort, prepare for rehab following delivery

Health Promotion - Exam 1 (12 decks)

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