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Health Promotion - Exam 1 > 8: Antepartum > Flashcards

8: Antepartum Flashcards

1
Q

Why is it essential for the fetus to make it to at least 27 weeks?

A

Lungs secrete surfactant to keep airway open

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2
Q

What is primigravida?

A

Female in her first pregnancy

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3
Q

What is primipara?

A

Female who has delivered a child after 20 weeks gestation

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4
Q

What is multigravida?

A

Female who has been pregnant more than once

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5
Q

What is multipara?

A

Female who has completed two or more pregnancies to the point of viability

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6
Q

What does the term “gravid” refer to?

A

Pregnant

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7
Q

What does the term “parity” refer to?

A

Delivered

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8
Q

When documenting pregnancy, what do T, P, A/M, and L stand for?

A

T = carried to term
P = pre-term
A/M = abortion/miscarriage
L = living

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9
Q

Describe G# PT - P - A - L

A

Pregnancy #, # carried to term, # pre-term, # abortions/miscarriages - # living

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10
Q

What does G3 P1-1-0-2 mean?

A

Third pregnancy, 1 carried to term, 1 pre-term, 0 abortions, 2 living children

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11
Q

What does G2 P0-1-1-1

A

Second pregnancy, 0 term, 1 pre-term, 1 abortion - 1 living child

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12
Q

What 6 reproductive changes happen with pregnancy?

A
  1. Uterine hypertrophy
  2. Myometrial walls thicken
  3. Increased uterine blood flow
  4. Increased vascularization of cervix
  5. Ovarian unlargement
  6. Vulvar edema
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13
Q

What 5 renal changes happen with pregnancy?

A
  1. Increased urine output
  2. Increased function
  3. Increased renal blood flow
  4. Increased GRF by 50%
  5. Increased ECF retention
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14
Q

What 6 cardiac functions increase with pregnancy?

A
  1. Blood volume
  2. Blood plasma
  3. Cardiac output
  4. Stroke volume
  5. HR
  6. Arterial blood pressure
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15
Q

What are 3 circulation changes that can happen with pregnancy?

A
  1. Vena cava syndrome
  2. Leg varicosities
  3. Leg cramps
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16
Q

What is vena cava syndrome?

A

Fetus compresses vena cava when supine

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17
Q

Based on abdominal anatomy, what is the optimal position someone who is pregnant to lie down?

A

Left sidelying

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18
Q

What 5 GI changes can happen with pregnancy?

A
  1. Gum hypertrophy
  2. Lower esophageal sphincter tone
  3. Decreased motility
  4. Decreased emptying time
  5. Constipation/hemorrhoids
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19
Q

How much weight gain is healthy for pregnancy?

20
Q

What 4 pulmonary changes can happen with pregnancy?

A
  1. Increased oxygen consumption
  2. Increased progesterone
  3. Diaphragm elevation
  4. Respiratory alkalosis risk
21
Q

What are 4 metabolic changes with pregnancy?

A
  1. Insulin levels
  2. Mineral demand
  3. Increased fat storage
  4. Fluid retention
22
Q

What minerals have increased demand with pregnancy?

A
  • Sodium
  • Potassium
  • Calcium
  • Iron
23
Q

What are common MSK changes with pregnancy?

A
  • Cervical pain
  • LBP
  • Pelvic pain
  • Carpal tunnel
  • DRA
24
Q

How does posture change with pregnancy?

A
  • Anterior COG
  • Increased ligament laxity
  • Increased lordosis/kyphosis
  • Decreased muscle tone
25
When are pregnant people at the highest risk for falls?
7 months - coincides with the peak rate of pelvic pain
26
What should you assess for fall risk?
Gait speed, short physical performance battery, functional reach test
27
Describe PGP anterpartum
56-72% of pregnancies
28
What are risk factors for PGP anterpartum?
- History of pregnancy - Orthopedic dysfunction - Increased BMI - Smoking - Work dissatisfaction - Anxiety and depression
29
What are differentials for PGP antepartum?
Transient osteoporosis, DRA, lumbar/pelvic/hip dysfunction
30
Are support belts beneficial during pregnancy?
Inconclusive
31
What evidence is there for exercise for antepartum PGP?
Low risk with minimal adverse effects
32
What are the ACOG guidelines for exercise?
150 minutes per week of moderate intensity
33
What are the benefits of meeting the ACOG guidelines for exercise?
Decrease discomfort and stress, improve mood, less total weight gain, improve pain tolerance, shorter labor
34
What % of women meet the ACOG guidelines for exercise?
15%
35
What are the 7 precautions for exercise antepartum?
1. Anemia 2. Heavy smoker 3. IUGR in current pregnancy 4. Poorly controlled DM, hypertension, hypothyroidism 5. Extreme obesity 6. BMI < 12 7. Cardiac arrhythmia
36
What are the 9 contraindications for exercise antepartum?
1. Complications that exclude activity 2. Persistent bleeding in 2/3 trimester 3. Incompetent cervix 4. Ruptured membranes 5. Hypertensive disorders 6. Multiple gestation risk for premature labor 7. Pre-eclampsia 8. Placenta previa after 26 weeks 9. RLD
37
What are warning signs to stop exercising antepartum?
- Dyspnea without exertion - Dizziness - Headache - Muscle weakness - Calf pain and swelling - Chest pain - Decreased fetal movement - Vaginal bleeding - Uterine contractions - Suspected ROM
38
What are exercise guidelines for someone who was sedentary prior to becoming pregnant?
Short bouts of exercise for 10-15 minutes, 2-3x per day
39
What are other positional precautions for exercise?
- Abdominal compression - Supine longer than 5 minutes - Buttock higher than chest - Strain pelvic floor and abdominals
40
Why should you avoid positions with the buttock higher than the chest?
Can cause the baby to breach
41
What is diastasis recti?
Separation of the rectus abdominis muscle
42
What is the cause of diastasis recti?
Muscle weakness, hormonal changes, exertion on abdominal wall by growing fetus
43
How do you assess for diastasis recti?
Ask patient to raise their head and shoulders off the table in hooklying
44
What is the normal measurement when assess for diastasis recti?
1-2 finger width
45
What measurement is considered pathologic for diastasis recti?
> 2 fingers
46
What are interventions for diastasis recti?
- Rectus abdominus training - Eccentric training - Modalities - Diaphragmatic breathing - Functional

Health Promotion - Exam 1 (12 decks)

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