Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Promotion - Exam 1 > 6: Female Pathology > Flashcards

6: Female Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What is endometriosis?

A

Estrogen dependent disorder where tissue sheds outside of the uterus and deposits in the pelvic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When does endometriosis develop?

A

Teenage years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the risk factors for endometriosis?

A
  • Maternal family history
  • Delay pregnancy
  • Early menarche
  • Abnormal cycles
  • Low birth weight
  • High red meat and trans fat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most common clinical presentation with endometriosis?

A

Dysmennorhea, dyspareunia, pain with bowel movements, infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are other symptoms of endometriosis?

A

Low-grade fever, diarrhea, constipation, rectal bleeding, referred pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is endometriosis diagnosed?

A

Laparoscopy, MRI, ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are treatments for endometriosis?

A

Hormone therapy, birth control, yoga, aromatherapy, acupuncture, naturopathic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What physical therapy interventions can be used for endometriosis?

A

General exercise, modalities, stress management, posture and body mechanics education, trigger point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is BPS/IC?

A

Bladder pain syndrome/ Interstitial cystitis - complaint of suprapubic pain related to bladder filling that is accompanied by other symptoms in the absence of other pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the mechanism of BPS/IC?

A

Overactive PFM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the four characteristics of the clinical presentation of BPS/IC?

A
  1. Urinary urgency
  2. Nocturia
  3. Pain, stabbing sensation
  4. Difficulty emptying
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is BPS/IC diagnosed?

A

History, physical , cystoscopy, urinalysis, voiding diary, pelvic ultrasound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are treatments for BPS/IC?

A

Stress management, manual therapy, trigger point, scar massage, CBT, stretching, muscle re-education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is POP?

A

Pelvic organ prolapse - downward descent of female pelvic organs into or through the vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the prevalence of POP?

A

43-76% of women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is cystocele?

A

Prolapse of bladder through urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is rectocele?

A

Prolapse of the rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is uterine prolapse?

A

Prolapse of uterus through the cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is enterocele?

A

Prolapse of small intestine

20
Q

What are the symptoms of vaginal POP?

A
  • Bulging or protrusion sensation
  • Seeing or feeling bulge
  • Pressure
  • Heaviness
21
Q

What are symptoms of urinary POP?

A
  • Incontinence
  • Frequency and urgency
  • Weak or prolonged urinary stream
  • Hesitancy
  • Feeling of incomplete voiding
  • Position change to start or complete voiding
22
Q

What are the symptoms of bowel POP?

A
  • Incontinence of flatus or stool
  • Feeling of incomplete emptying
  • Straining during defecation
  • Urgency
  • Splinting to start or complete defecation
23
Q

What are the risk factors for POP?

A
  • Constipation
  • Pelvic surgery
  • Genetic factors
  • Caucasian ethnicity
  • Pregnancy with vaginal delivery
  • CT disorders
  • COPD
24
Q

How do you examine POP?

A

POP-Q: performed in supine and standing, measure degree of prolapse

25
Q

What is Stage 0 on the POP-Q?

A

No prolapse

26
Q

What is Stage I on the POP-Q?

A

Most distal portion of the prolapse is > 1cm above hymen

27
Q

What is Stage II on the POP-Q?

A

Most distal portion is < 1 cm proximal or distal to hymen

28
Q

What is Stage III on the POP-Q?

A

Distal portion of prolapse is > 1cm below the plane of the hymen but protrudes no further than 2 cm less than TVL

29
Q

What is Stage IV on the POP-Q?

A

Distal portion of the prolapse protrudes to at least 2 cm of the TVL

30
Q

What are the treatments for POP?

A
  • Pessaries
  • PFMT
31
Q

What are the dimensions of FSD?

A

Female sexual disorder - sexual identity, function, and relationship

32
Q

What it the etiology of FSD?

A
  • Biological
  • Psychosexual
  • Contextual
33
Q

What is dyspareunia?

A

Pain with penetration, superficial vs deep

34
Q

What are causes of dyspareunia?

A

CPPD, psychologic trauma, endometriosis, post-partum, vulvovaginitis

35
Q

What are the two types of CPPD?

A
  • Vaginismus
  • Vulvar vestibulitis
36
Q

What is vaginismus?

A

Involuntary contraction and spasm of perineal muscles that makes penetration difficulty, painful, or impossible

37
Q

What are six clinical findings with vaginismus?

A
  1. Dehydrated tissues
  2. Decreased elasticity
  3. Pale color
  4. History of bleeding with penetration
  5. Painful/impossible penetration
  6. High resting tone
38
Q

What is vulvar vestibulitis?

A

Pain in the vestibule with palpation of entry

39
Q

What does vulvar vestibulitis occur?

A

Wearing tight clothing, use of tampons, intercourse

40
Q

What are risk factors for vulvar vestibulitis?

A

Recurrent yeast infections, sleep dysfunction, PTSD

41
Q

What are causes of vulvar vestibulitis?

A

Physical cause becoming psychologically based

42
Q

What is the prevalence of vulvar vestibulitis?

A

16% of women 18-64, common pre-menopause

43
Q

What symptoms are associated with vulvar vestibulitis?

A
  • Extreme sensitivity
  • Bartholin glands, Skene’s glands
  • Inflamed superficial blood vessels
  • Patient expresses anxiety regarding physical exam
44
Q

What clinical findings are associated with vulvar vestibulitis?

A
  • High tone
  • Trigger points
  • Dyspareunia
  • History of yeast infection self-treatment
  • Urinary frequency and urgency
    • cottons swab tough test
45
Q

What are treatments for FSD?

A
  • Hormone therapy
  • Analgesia
  • Anti-depressant
  • Counseling
  • PFMT
  • Botox

Health Promotion - Exam 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions