9. Gastrointestinal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 common medical conditions that affect the gastrointestinal track?

A
  1. Gastric/Peptic Ulcers
    • Excessive hydrochloric acid secretion
    • Helicobacter pylori infection
    • NSAID toxicity
    • Inadequate mucosal defense against gastric acid
  2. Gastrointestinal Reflux Disease (GERD)
    • Excessive hydrochloric acid secretion
  3. Diarrhea
  4. Constipation
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2
Q

What are the gastrointestinal therapy?

A

Excessive HCl Secretion Therapies

  1. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
  2. H2 Receptor Blockers
  3. Antacids
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3
Q

What are the proton pump inhibitors drugs?

A

Esomeprazole [Nexium] “MOST COMMON”
Omeprazole [Prilosec]
Lansoprazole [Prevacid]
Pantoprazole [Protonix]

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4
Q

The mechanism of action of Esomeprazole is to Irreversibly inhibits gastric parietal cell ______, thereby inhibiting gastric acid secretion.

A

H+-K+-ATPase.

decreases K+ from going in and H+ from going out.

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5
Q

What are some serious adverse effects of taking Esomeprazole [Nexium]?

A

Stevens-Johnson Syndrom and toxic epidermal necrolysis

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6
Q

Which drugs do Esomeprazole cause absorption impaired by elevated pH?

A

Azole Antifunglas and Certain Antiviral Agents

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7
Q

What can Azole Antifungals do to Esomeprazole?

A

some azoles inhibit metabolism of proton pump inhibitors.

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8
Q

What is the drug interactions of CAIs with Esomeprazole?

A

Exacerbation of Hypomagnesemia

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9
Q

What is H2 Receptor Blockers?

A

It’s one of the excessive HCI Secretion Therapies drugs. Proton Pump inhibitors being the first one.

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10
Q

What are the H2 Receptor Blockers?

A

Cimetidine [Tagamet®] “MOST COMMON”
Ranitidine [Zantac®]
Famotidine [Pepcid®]
Nizatidine [Axid®]

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11
Q

Which gastrointestinal therapy is an indication for H. pylori infection?

A

Esomeprazole

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12
Q

Which gastrointestinal therapy is an indication for Dyspepsia?

A

Cimetidine

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13
Q

Which gastrointestinal therapy is an indication for GERD, Peptic Ulcer and Dyspepsia (indigestion or heartburn)?

A

Cimetidine

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14
Q

Which is the most common H2 blockers in gastrointestinal therapy?

A

Cimetidine

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15
Q

What is the Mechanism of Action of Cimetidine?

A

Selective antagonism of gastric parietal cell H2 (histamine) receptors

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16
Q

Cimetidine impairs the absorption of what?

A

Azole Antifungals and Certain Antiviral Agents

17
Q

Cimetidine impairs the metabolism of what?

A

caffeine affecting NSAIDs w/ caffeine, and Cyclosporine