9. Gastrointestinal Drugs

Question 1

What are the 4 common medical conditions that affect the gastrointestinal track?

Answer 1

1. Gastric/Peptic Ulcers
   
   • Excessive hydrochloric acid secretion
   • Helicobacter pylori infection
   • NSAID toxicity
   • Inadequate mucosal defense against gastric acid
2. Gastrointestinal Reflux Disease (GERD)
   
   • Excessive hydrochloric acid secretion
3. Diarrhea
4. Constipation

Question 2

What are the gastrointestinal therapy?

Answer 2

Excessive HCl Secretion Therapies

1. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
2. H2 Receptor Blockers
3. Antacids

Question 3

What are the proton pump inhibitors drugs?

Answer 3

Esomeprazole [Nexium] “MOST COMMON”
Omeprazole [Prilosec]
Lansoprazole [Prevacid]
Pantoprazole [Protonix]

Question 4

The mechanism of action of Esomeprazole is to Irreversibly inhibits gastric parietal cell ______, thereby inhibiting gastric acid secretion.

Answer 4

H+-K+-ATPase.

decreases K+ from going in and H+ from going out.

Question 5

What are some serious adverse effects of taking Esomeprazole [Nexium]?

Answer 5

Stevens-Johnson Syndrom and toxic epidermal necrolysis

Question 6

Which drugs do Esomeprazole cause absorption impaired by elevated pH?

Answer 6

Azole Antifunglas and Certain Antiviral Agents

Question 7

What can Azole Antifungals do to Esomeprazole?

Answer 7

some azoles inhibit metabolism of proton pump inhibitors.

Question 8

What is the drug interactions of CAIs with Esomeprazole?

Answer 8

Exacerbation of Hypomagnesemia

Question 9

What is H2 Receptor Blockers?

Answer 9

It’s one of the excessive HCI Secretion Therapies drugs. Proton Pump inhibitors being the first one.

Question 10

What are the H2 Receptor Blockers?

Answer 10

Cimetidine [Tagamet®] “MOST COMMON”
Ranitidine [Zantac®]
Famotidine [Pepcid®]
Nizatidine [Axid®]

Question 11

Which gastrointestinal therapy is an indication for H. pylori infection?

Answer 11

Esomeprazole

Question 12

Which gastrointestinal therapy is an indication for Dyspepsia?

Answer 12

Cimetidine

Question 13

Which gastrointestinal therapy is an indication for GERD, Peptic Ulcer and Dyspepsia (indigestion or heartburn)?

Answer 13

Cimetidine

Question 14

Which is the most common H2 blockers in gastrointestinal therapy?

Answer 14

Cimetidine

Question 15

What is the Mechanism of Action of Cimetidine?

Answer 15

Selective antagonism of gastric parietal cell H2 (histamine) receptors

Question 16

Cimetidine impairs the absorption of what?

Answer 16

Azole Antifungals and Certain Antiviral Agents

Question 17

Cimetidine impairs the metabolism of what?

Answer 17

caffeine affecting NSAIDs w/ caffeine, and Cyclosporine