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HOS Unit 4 > 9 Digestive System Oral Cavity > Flashcards

9 Digestive System Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 major components of the mucosa layer?

A

epithelium
lamina propria
muscularis mucosa

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2
Q

What mucosa layer has blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and can contain glands and MALT?

A

Lamina propria [note the submucosa layer also contains these same things]

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3
Q

What is the difference between stratified squamous and simple columnar epithelium in terms of function?

A

one is protective and the other is absorptive

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4
Q

Where is the muscular is mucosa absent in the digestive tract?

A

oral cavity and the anal canal

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5
Q

What is the connective tissue classification of lamina propria?

A

loose connective tissue

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6
Q

what is the classification of the CT found in submucosa?

A

dense irregular

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7
Q

What is found in the submucosa and contains the SNA and paraSNA innervations for the muscular is mucous, neuroendocrine cells and enzyme secreting cells?

A

Meissner’s plexus

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8
Q

What disease is when sections of the distal colon lack meissners and auerbach’s plexus? what does it effect?

A

hirschprungs

–smooth muscle in the affected region of bowel cannot relax—>constipation and megacolon

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9
Q

What are the layers of the muscular is extern?

A
  • inner circular layer
  • auerbach’s plexus (myenteric)
  • Outer longitudinal
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10
Q

What is the adventitia largely made from?

A

loose irregular connective tissue

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11
Q

When does the GI system have serosa?

A

when it is covered by a peritoneal mesothelium [retroperitoneal portions don’t have this]

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12
Q

What locations in the mouth are made of lining oral mucosa?

A

Lip and soft palate

bottom of tongue

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13
Q

What locations in the mouth is made of specialized oral mucosa?

A

Dorsal part of tongue

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14
Q

What locations in the mouth is made of masticatory oral mucosa?

A

hard pallet and gingiva

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15
Q

What oral mucosa type has keratinized or parakeratinized epithelium?

A

masticatory and the specialized epithelium of the dorsal tongue

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16
Q

T-F–the dorsal part of the tongue is non-keratinized?

A

false—it is keratinized

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17
Q

What oral mucosa type is more susceptible to oral squamous cell carcinoma?

A

lining mucosa– floor of mouth, lateral tongue, soft palate

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18
Q

What is aphthous stomatitis?

A

canker sores—ONLY IN LINING MUCOSA

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19
Q

What epithelial layer does cold sores from herpes effect?

A

keratinized epithelium

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20
Q

Which tongue papillae, most numerous, no taste buds, very thick keratin layer? purpose?

A 
Filiform
mechanical purpose (grip like) think cow's tongue
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21
Q

What tongue papillae is less numerous and irregularly arranged, taste buds, lightly keratinized?

A

fungiform

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22
Q

What tongue papillae, 7-12 papillae in front of terminal sulcus, contain taste buds, contain von Ebner glands to clear old taste?

A

circumvallate

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23
Q

What tongue papillae is poorly developed in humans, contain taste buds, located in posterior-lateral surface of tongue?

A

Foliate

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24
Q

What is the pathway of molecule within the saliva to form a taste sensation?

A

taste pore—> gustatory microvilli –> gustatory cell depolarization—>CN VII and IX

25
Q

How many deciduous teeth are there?

A

20–shed from 6 months and 20 years of age

26
Q

What is the portion of the tooth above the gum covered by enamel?

A

crown

27
Q

What is the portion of the tooth within the alveolus surrounded by cementum?

A

Root

28
Q

What is the junction of the crown and root?

A

cervix

29
Q

What is the space within the tooth filled with soft tissue, composed of a coronal chamber and a radicular canal?

A

Pulp cavity

30
Q

What is a calcified material surrounding the pulp cavity?

A

Dentin

31
Q

What is connective tissue that joins the cementum to the alveolus?

A

periodontal ligament

32
Q

What is the hardest tissue in the body and made of 98% hydroxyapatite? What is it deposited by?

A
  • enamel

- Tome’s processes of ameloblasts

33
Q

Is enamel renewable?

A

No

34
Q

What is the percent calcium hydroxyapatite of dentin? What are its organic components

A

70%

–Type I collagen fibers and GAGs [secreted by odontoblasts]

35
Q

What are tall cells that line the pulp cavity that secrete a collagen rich matrix from their apical surface known as predentin?

A

odontoblasts

36
Q

What are canals in which odontal processes run called?

How long are they?

A
  • dentinal tubules

- The length of the span of dentin

37
Q

What is the makeup of pulp?

A
  • mesenchyme-like CT
  • blood vessels
  • nerves (via apical foramina in tooth root)
38
Q

What are pulp nerve fibers sensitive to?

A

temperature and pH which is interpreted as pain

39
Q

What structures make up the periodontium?

A

cementum
periodontal ligament
alveolar bone
gingiva

40
Q

What is the region of the tooth where the enamel crown ends and the cementum layer surrounding the root begins?

A

cement-enamel junction

41
Q

Where is the cementum the thickest?

A

apical region

42
Q

What produces cementum? where are they located?

A

cementocytes in the periodontal ligament

43
Q

T-f—-cementum can react to stresses by resorbing tissue or laying down new cementum?

A

True

44
Q

What has the appearance of primary immature bone, contains osteocytes within the lacuna and helps hold the teeth in place?

A

alveolar bone

45
Q

What structure does scurvy largely effect?

A

synthesis of collagen and especially effects the periodontal ligament

46
Q

When does teeth formation occur? how long does it take for a tooth to develop?

A

6 weeks

14 months

47
Q

What is the order of stages for tooth development?

A

bud—>cap—> bell

48
Q

What are the main structures found in the bud stage?

A

dental lamina [ectoderm] and dental bud [ingrowth of the dental lamina]

49
Q

What stage is marked by the invagination of the dental bud and engulfing of a region of ecto-mesenchyme?

A

cap stage

50
Q

What 2 main structures make up the cap stage?

A
  1. dental follicle [cap and ectomesenchyme]

2. dental papilla [portion of ectomesenchyme that is immediately surrounded]

51
Q

What are the layers surrounding the dental papilla called?

A

enamel organ

52
Q

What are the layers of the enamel organ?

A
  • inner enamel epithelium
  • stellate reticulum
  • outer enamel epithelium
53
Q

What cells will differentiate by reciprocal induction to form ameloblasts?

A

Inner enamel epithelium

54
Q

The cells of the dental papilla differentiate to form?

A

odontoblasts and pulp

55
Q

What forms from the dental lamina cells closest to the enamel organ?

A

odontoblasts

56
Q

What are the layers of the forming tooth from the stellate reticulum inward?

A 
stellate reticulum
ameloblasts
enamel
dentin
predentin
odontoblasts
pulp
57
Q

In reciprocal induction, the enamel organ induces the dental papilla to form what?

A

odontoblasts an produce dentin

58
Q

In reciprocal induction, the forming dentin induces the enamel organ to form what?

A

ameloblasts which secrete enamel

59
Q

Does root formation occur before or after crown is completed?

A

After

HOS Unit 4 (18 decks)

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