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Spinal Final Exam Questions > 9/30 Questions > Flashcards

9/30 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of the psoas major?

A

vertebral bodies T12, L1-L5, S1

transverse processes of L1-L5

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2
Q

What will innervate the psoas major?

A

primarily the ventral rami of L2 and L3, may include ventral rami of L1 and L4 spinal nerves

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3
Q

What is the origin of the psoas minor?

A

vertebral bodies T12, L1

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4
Q

What will innervate the psoas minor?

A

the ventral ramus of L1 spinal nerve

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5
Q

What will innervate the iliacus?

A

the femoral nerve, primarily the ventral rami of L2 and L3

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6
Q

What is the origin of the levator costarum brevis?

A

transverse tubercles of transverse processes from C7, T1-T11

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7
Q

What will innervate the levator costarum brevis?

A

the dorsal rami of T1-T12 spinal nerves

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8
Q

What is the origin of the levator costarum longus?

A

transverse tubercles of transverse processes from T7-T10

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9
Q

What will innervate the levator costarum longus?

A

the dorsal rami of the lower thoracic spinal nerves

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10
Q

What is the origin of the serratus posterior superior?

A

spinous tubercles of spinous processes from C7, T1 and T2, possibly T3

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11
Q

What will innervate the serratus posterior superior?

A

the ventral rami of T2-T5 spinal nerves…. intercostal nerves

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12
Q

What is the origin of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

spinous tubercles of spinous processes from T11, T12, L1, and L2, possibly L3

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13
Q

What will innervate the serratus posterior inferior?

A

ventral rami of T9-T11, intercostal nerves and ventral ramus of T12, subcostal nerve

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14
Q

What is the maximum number of common ligaments identified with a vertebral couple?

A

8

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15
Q

What is the reason that nine common ligaments are identified but only eight will be attached at any specific vertebral couple?

A

the ligamentum nuchae and supraspinous ligaments attach to the spinous tubercles, but only one of these will be identified at a single vertebral couple

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16
Q

Which common ligaments will attach to the vertebral body?

A

anterior longitudinal ligament, intervertebral disc, and posterior longitudinal ligament

17
Q

What common ligament/s will attach to the vertebral arch?

A

the ligamentum flavum

18
Q

What is the number of true intervertebral discs identified in the adult?

A

23

19
Q

In the adult, which vertebral levels will demonstrate a true intervertebral disc?

A

those between C2 and S1 inclusive

20
Q

What is the percent of intervertebral disc height contribution to the length of each region of the vertebral column?

A

cervical - 22-25%
thoracic - 20%
lumbar - 33%

21
Q

What is the intervertebral disc histologically composed of?

A

cells, collagen fibers, hydrated proteoglycan gel

22
Q

What are the names of the central, peripheral, and horizontal zones of the intervertebral disc?

A 
nucleus pulposus (central zone)
annulus fibrosus (peripheral zone)
cartilaginous end plate (horizontal zone)
23
Q

What is the name of the growth zone of the intervertebral disc?

A

transition zone

24
Q

What maintains the height of the cervical intervertebral disc?

A

the uncinate processes

25
Q

What is the effect of aging on the intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus?

A

it becomes more fibrous as water and proteoglycan concentrations diminish

26
Q

What is the cervical nucleus pulposus composed of?

A

fibrocartilage

27
Q

What is the water concentration in the lumbar nucleus pulposus at birth and after 30?

A

birth (88%)

30 (70%)

28
Q

What is the consequence of non-aggregated glycosaminoglycans in the lumbar nucleus pulposus?

A

the nucleus pulposus will loose water under deformation conditions

29
Q

What cell is associated with the nucleus pulposus until about age 11?

A

notochord cells

30
Q

What cells are associated with the mature nucleus pulposus?

A

reticulocyte-fibroblast and chondroblast

31
Q

Which type of collagen is dominant in the nucleus pulposus?

A

collagen type II

32
Q

What is the organizational pattern for collagen fibers in the nucleus pulposus?

A

they are irregularly oriented and randomly scattered

33
Q

What general tissue location is described as having an abundance of collagen type II fibers?

A

cartilage

34
Q

What is the role of collagen type II fibers based on locations where it is dominant?

A

it appears to be related to tissues having a deformation - reformation ability

35
Q

The quadrate lumborum is implicated in the formation of which ligament?

A

the iliolumbar ligament

Spinal Final Exam Questions (15 decks)

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