9/11/13

Question 1

What is an exception to the rule that viruses contain either RNA or DNA

Answer 1

Poxvirus has both

Question 2

What is an exception to the rule that viruses are smaller than bacteria

Answer 2

Mimivirus

Question 3

This virus can cause disease in diverse species, which is an exception to the virus rules

Answer 3

Influenza A

Question 4

Type of virus that is resistant to detergent ans solvent based disinfectants

Answer 4

Naked virus

Question 5

Where does the envelope come from for enveloped viruses?

Answer 5

From the host plasma membrane or vesicles

Question 6

What are the three shapes for viruses?

Answer 6

Icosahedral, helical, plemorphic

Question 7

Viral entry in to a cell is always mediated by

Answer 7

receptors that are essential to the cell

Question 8

Naked viruses enter the cell via this process

Answer 8

endocytosis

Question 9

Naked viruses leave the cell by which process

Answer 9

cell lysis

Question 10

Enveloped viruses leave the cell by which process

Answer 10

budding

Question 11

How do enveloped viruses enter the cell?

Answer 11

Fusion with the plasma membrane or vesicles which then releases the capsids

Question 12

Newly released viruses sometimes require steps for maturation, which almost always involves this

Answer 12

final protein cleavage

Question 13

An area of the cell monolayer in tissue culture that is devoid of cells because a virus has killed them

Answer 13

viral plaques

Question 14

This requires a conformational change in the capsid

Answer 14

uncoating

Question 15

What are the two ways that a virus can change the conformation of its capsid for uncoatin

Answer 15

1. Low pH

2. docking of the virus to specific cellular protein

Question 16

What are the two virus specific nucleic acid polymerases

Answer 16

RNA dependent DNA polymerase, RNA dependent RNA polymerase

Question 17

What are the stages for DNA virus gene expression

Answer 17

Immediate early, early (viral DdDp), and late (structural proteins for virions)

Question 18

Where do DNA viruses generally replicate, and what is the exception to this rule

Answer 18

nucleus, Poxvirus

Question 19

Which type of virus tricks the ribosome into translating the viral genes

Answer 19

+ss RNA

Question 20

This type of virus requires RdRp to be packaged with it

Answer 20

-ssRNA

Question 21

Where do RNA viruses generally replicate, and what are the exception to this rule

Answer 21

Cytoplasm, Orthomyxoviruses and retroviruses

Question 22

What sequences in the viral genome enables the transcription of viral DNA during retrovirus replication

Answer 22

Long terminal receptors

Question 23

The use of both strands to code genes in double stranded genomes, splicing mRNA in multiple ways, using different reading frames of the same DNA, using helper virus are strategies used by viruses to do what?

Answer 23

Genome maximization