8/20/13 Flashcards
Introduction to Immune System
Type of immunity that recognizes molecules common to many pathogens
Innate Immunity
Type of immunity that recognizes very specific macromolecules
Adaptive Immunity
An antigen that can induce an immune response
Immunogen
An antigen that cannot induce an immune response
Hapten (unless coupled with immunogen)
Present peptide antigens to T-cells, determine tissue type for organ transplantation
MHC
All leukocytes differentiate from this
hematopoetic stem cells in the bone marrow
Immunity is conferred on individual when they are themselves infected or vaccinated
Active immunity
If effectors are transferred from one individual to another, they confer_____
Passive Immunity
Granulocytes/Polymorphonuclear cells
Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils
Short-lived Leukocyte, innate
Granulocytes (monocytes in b/w)
Long-lived Leukocyte, adaptive
Lymphocytes, NK cells are innate (monocytes in b/w)
Granulocytes recognize ____ targets by the presence of ______ and particles coated by _____. Granulocytes have an _____ ability to recognize a foreign invader
multiple, PAMPS, antibodies
Lymphocytes recognize ____ target shape and a _____ fraction will be activated by a particular pathogen or invader
one, small
Play a major role in late phase of hypersensitivity reactions
Eosinophils
Play a major role in the immediate phase of hypersensitivity reaction
Basophils
Antigen presenting cells that bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems
Monocytes (become macrophages in tissue)
Lymphocyte differentiated in bone marrow
B-cells
Lymphocyte differentiate in thymus
T-cells
Leukocytes not usually found in blood
Plasma Cells, Mast Cells, Macrophages, Dendritic cells, follicular dendritic cells
After stimulation by appropriate target/antigen, all lymphocytes undergo ______
Clonal Expansion
Cells that are important for presenting antigen for B-cells
Follicular Dendritic Cells
CD3, CD19
T-cells, B-cells
Primary (Generative) Lymphoid tissues
Bone Marrow, Thymus
Secondary (peripheral) Lymphoid Tissues
Spleen, lymph nodes, Tonsils, MALT
Tertiary (ectopic) Lymphoid tissue
Pathology associated
Primary lymphoid tissue generates mature naive lymphocytes from immature progenitor cells in this process
Lymphopoiesis
Primary location of plasma cells
bone marrow
Provide an environment for target/antigen focusing and serve as a storage depot for mature lymphocytes
Secondary Lymphoid tissues
Location of B-cells in lymph node
Outer cortex arranged into follicles w/ follicular dendritic cells
Location of T-cells in lymph node
interdigitating paracortex with high endothelial venules
Samples the mucosal fluids for paticulates, bacteria, and viruses.
MALT
In the spleen, capillary sinuses lined with phagocytic endothelium and macrophages that act as a filter and capture antigens
Red Pulp
In the spleen, lymphocytes
White Pulp
Lymphoid-vascular interface in the spleen
Marginal zone
How do T and B-cells organize into their respective territories in lymph nodes and the spleen?
Respond to different chemokines that bind to receptors on their cell surface
Antigen stimulate follicle
Germinal center
Support high levels of lymphocyte extravasation from the blood
High endothelial venules
T>B
peripheral blood, thoracic duct, lymph nodes, thymus
T=B
spleen
B>T
bone marrow, peyer’s patch
