8th Grade History Test 1 Flashcards
What did the writings of Marco Polo describe?
the marvels and wealth of the Orient
On which Caribbean island did Columbus make his first landing in the New World?
San Salvador
Who were the conquistadors?
military invaders from Spain
What was the first permanent European settlement in the United States?
St. Augustine
What permanent French settlement in Canada was established by Samuel de Champlain?
Quebec
Who translated the Bible into English?
John Wycliffe
Where did English businessmen obtain money to establish a settlement?
joint-stock companies
Who saved Jamestown from the failure of the common-store system?
John Smith
Which crop became very important to the economic development of Jamestown?
tobacco
What representative assembly acted as an advisory body to the governor of the Virginia colony?
House of Burgesses
Give three reasons the Scrooby congregation left Leyden, Holland.
Catholic Spain threatened to make war with Holland, bringing persecution.
The Dutch placed work restrictions on the immigrants.
They wanted to protect their children from the worldly Dutch influence.
What English-speaking Indian lived in Plymouth, acted as a guide and interpreter, and taught the Pilgrims how to hunt and fish?
Squanto
What was the first institution of higher learning in America?
Harvard College
What was accomplished by the Ole’ Deluder Satan Act of 1647?
All towns of at least fifty families were required to hire a teacher so children could learn to read and write.
Who was the “Apostle to the Indians”?
John Eliot
What precedent did the New England Confederation set for the colonies?
voluntary union of the colonies
What was a proprietary colony?
a colony controlled by a nobleman
What act granted freedom of worship to all professing Christians living in the Maryland colony?
Toleration Act
searched for the fountain of youth
Ponce de Leon
discovered the Pacific Ocean
Vasco de Balboa
identified the lands which Columbus had discovered as a “New World”
Amerigo Vespucci
conquered the Aztecs
Hernando Cortes
discovered the Mississippi river
Hernando de Soto
Men like Francis Drake helped the ___ defeat the Spanish.
English
Puritans hoped to “purify” the
Church of England
known as the “city of brotherly love”
Philadelphia
Thomas Hooker founded the settlement of
Hartford
the first Baptist church in America was founded in
Rhode Island
New Netherland is now known as
New York
the members of the Society of Friends were commonly called
Quakers
the “Great Migration” brought thousands of ___ to New Englandd
Puritans
established by Sir Walter Raleigh
Roanoke
the first permanent English settlement in the New World
Jamestown
founded by Lord Baltimore as a haven for English Catholics
Maryland
the governor of Pennsylvania also controlled this colony
Delaware
intended as a settlement for debtor prisoners
Georgia
John Winthrop was the first governor of this colony
Massachusetts Bay
colony made of Separatists and “Strangers”
Plymouth
posted the Ninety-five Theses, sparking the Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther
the type of building the Swedes introduced to the New World
log cabin
the name of the ship which carried the Pilgrims to the New World
Mayflower
wrote History of Plymouth Plantation
William Bradford
founded the colony of Rhode Island
Roger Williams
Study the map of the Western Hemisphere from you book/worksheets.
STUDY
Compare and contrast Jamestown’s communal (common-store) system with the free-enterprise system. What is the result of each system? Which is the best system? Why?
- In the common-store system, all men contribute to a central storehouse according to their ability and receive goods according to their needs.
- In the free-enterprise system, individuals are free to earn their own living based on personal enterprise.
- The common-store system failed–resulting in food shortages and inefficient production–because settlers knew they could obtain supplies from the storehouse whether or not they worked and contributed their fair share.
- The free-enterprise system places responsibility for one’s welfare on one’s own shoulders, thus motivating men to work and provide for themselves.
- The free-enterprise system is superior to the common-store system because it accounts for man’s sinful nature.
