8th Grade History Test 1

Question 1

What did the writings of Marco Polo describe?

Answer 1

the marvels and wealth of the Orient

Question 2

On which Caribbean island did Columbus make his first landing in the New World?

Answer 2

San Salvador

Question 3

Who were the conquistadors?

Answer 3

military invaders from Spain

Question 4

What was the first permanent European settlement in the United States?

Answer 4

St. Augustine

Question 5

What permanent French settlement in Canada was established by Samuel de Champlain?

Answer 5

Quebec

Question 6

Who translated the Bible into English?

Answer 6

John Wycliffe

Question 7

Where did English businessmen obtain money to establish a settlement?

Answer 7

joint-stock companies

Question 8

Who saved Jamestown from the failure of the common-store system?

Answer 8

John Smith

Question 9

Which crop became very important to the economic development of Jamestown?

Answer 9

tobacco

Question 10

What representative assembly acted as an advisory body to the governor of the Virginia colony?

Answer 10

House of Burgesses

Question 11

Give three reasons the Scrooby congregation left Leyden, Holland.

Answer 11

Catholic Spain threatened to make war with Holland, bringing persecution.
The Dutch placed work restrictions on the immigrants.
They wanted to protect their children from the worldly Dutch influence.

Question 12

What English-speaking Indian lived in Plymouth, acted as a guide and interpreter, and taught the Pilgrims how to hunt and fish?

Answer 12

Squanto

Question 13

What was the first institution of higher learning in America?

Answer 13

Harvard College

Question 14

What was accomplished by the Ole’ Deluder Satan Act of 1647?

Answer 14

All towns of at least fifty families were required to hire a teacher so children could learn to read and write.

Question 15

Who was the “Apostle to the Indians”?

Answer 15

John Eliot

Question 16

What precedent did the New England Confederation set for the colonies?

Answer 16

voluntary union of the colonies

Question 17

What was a proprietary colony?

Answer 17

a colony controlled by a nobleman

Question 18

What act granted freedom of worship to all professing Christians living in the Maryland colony?

Answer 18

Toleration Act

Question 19

searched for the fountain of youth

Answer 19

Ponce de Leon

Question 20

discovered the Pacific Ocean

Answer 20

Vasco de Balboa

Question 21

identified the lands which Columbus had discovered as a “New World”

Answer 21

Amerigo Vespucci

Question 22

conquered the Aztecs

Answer 22

Hernando Cortes

Question 23

discovered the Mississippi river

Answer 23

Hernando de Soto

Question 24

Men like Francis Drake helped the ___ defeat the Spanish.

Answer 24

English

Question 25

Puritans hoped to “purify” the

Answer 25

Church of England

Question 26

known as the “city of brotherly love”

Answer 26

Philadelphia

Question 27

Thomas Hooker founded the settlement of

Answer 27

Hartford

Question 28

the first Baptist church in America was founded in

Answer 28

Rhode Island

Question 29

New Netherland is now known as

Answer 29

New York

Question 30

the members of the Society of Friends were commonly called

Answer 30

Quakers

Question 31

the “Great Migration” brought thousands of ___ to New Englandd

Answer 31

Puritans

Question 32

established by Sir Walter Raleigh

Answer 32

Roanoke

Question 33

the first permanent English settlement in the New World

Answer 33

Jamestown

Question 34

founded by Lord Baltimore as a haven for English Catholics

Answer 34

Maryland

Question 35

the governor of Pennsylvania also controlled this colony

Answer 35

Delaware

Question 36

intended as a settlement for debtor prisoners

Answer 36

Georgia

Question 37

John Winthrop was the first governor of this colony

Answer 37

Massachusetts Bay

Question 38

colony made of Separatists and “Strangers”

Answer 38

Plymouth

Question 39

posted the Ninety-five Theses, sparking the Protestant Reformation

Answer 39

Martin Luther

Question 40

the type of building the Swedes introduced to the New World

Answer 40

log cabin

Question 41

the name of the ship which carried the Pilgrims to the New World

Answer 41

Mayflower

Question 42

wrote History of Plymouth Plantation

Answer 42

William Bradford

Question 43

founded the colony of Rhode Island

Answer 43

Roger Williams

Question 44

Study the map of the Western Hemisphere from you book/worksheets.

Answer 44

STUDY

Question 45

Compare and contrast Jamestown’s communal (common-store) system with the free-enterprise system. What is the result of each system? Which is the best system? Why?

Answer 45

• In the common-store system, all men contribute to a central storehouse according to their ability and receive goods according to their needs.
• In the free-enterprise system, individuals are free to earn their own living based on personal enterprise.
• The common-store system failed–resulting in food shortages and inefficient production–because settlers knew they could obtain supplies from the storehouse whether or not they worked and contributed their fair share.
• The free-enterprise system places responsibility for one’s welfare on one’s own shoulders, thus motivating men to work and provide for themselves.
• The free-enterprise system is superior to the common-store system because it accounts for man’s sinful nature.