8b Flashcards
Percentage yield equation
Actual yield/theoretical yield x 100= percentage yield
what is a first generation biofuel feedstock source
edible crops, such as corn, wheat, sugarcane, and soybean
what is a first generation biofuel production technology
transesterification under alkaline conditions
considerations of first gen biofuels
displacement of food crops and deforestation
competes with valuable food sources
second generation biofuel feedstock source
non-food crops and waste materials, such agricultural residues, forest residues, and household waste
second gen biofuel production technology
transesterification under alkaline conditions
second gen biofuel considerations
lower environmental impact than first generation
third gen biofuel feedstock source
algae and other microbes
third gen biofuel production technology
can be grown in various environments, such as wastewater, saltwater and freshwater
third gen biofuel considerations
high productivity and potential to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
requires extensive processing
fourth gen(emerging ) biofuel feedstock source
cyanobacteria
fourth gen(emerging) production technology
engineered cyanobacterial development
fourth gen (emerging) considerations
huge potential for use as a green biotechnology
absorbs the most CO2 and creates lipid biofuel
currently very expensive
5 benefits of catalysts in green chemistry
improved selectivity
lower energy consumption
renewable source utilisation
safer reactions
longer catalyst lifetime
what is improved selectivity
greater specificity of reactions, hence unwanted by-products are minimised or eliminated.
reduces waste and saves money by improving yield of desired product
what is lower energy consumption
because of catalyst the reaction can occur at lower temp and hence lower energy consumption
what is renewable source utilisation
catalysis can facilitate the use of renewable sources such as biomass instead of fossil fuels
what is safer reactions
can use less hazardous reagents because of catalyst hence safer
what is longer catalyst lifetime
catalysts can often be re used hence increases lifetime and less impact on enviro
seaweed benefits as biopolymer
lower carbon footprint
quick grow
biodegradable
increase durability
reduced food waste
production of oxygen by consuming CO2
edible
