8.3 Using Genome Projects Flashcards
What is the genome
The complete set of genetic information contained in the cells of an organism
What is genome sequencing
Identifying the DNA base sequence of an individual. This allows us to determine the amino acid sequence of the polypeptides coded for by that DNA
What is the proteome
The complete set of proteins that can be produced by a cell
Can we directly translate the genome into the proteome
In simple organisms, yes. In complex organisms, due to the presence of non-coding DNA and regulatory genes, it is much harder to obtain the proteome
Give an application of sequencing the proteome in simple organisms
Identifying potential antigens for use in vaccine production
Give some applications of genome sequencing
- Comparing genomes between species to determine evolutionary relationships
- genetic matching
- personalised medicine
- synthetic biology
How have sequencing methods changed over time
Used to be a manual process, however now it has become automated. A reaction mixture is created and after the process is complete, a machine reads the base sequence
