8.3 Using Genome Projects Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the genome

A

The complete set of genetic information contained in the cells of an organism

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2
Q

What is genome sequencing

A

Identifying the DNA base sequence of an individual. This allows us to determine the amino acid sequence of the polypeptides coded for by that DNA

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3
Q

What is the proteome

A

The complete set of proteins that can be produced by a cell

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4
Q

Can we directly translate the genome into the proteome

A

In simple organisms, yes. In complex organisms, due to the presence of non-coding DNA and regulatory genes, it is much harder to obtain the proteome

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5
Q

Give an application of sequencing the proteome in simple organisms

A

Identifying potential antigens for use in vaccine production

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6
Q

Give some applications of genome sequencing

A
  • Comparing genomes between species to determine evolutionary relationships
  • genetic matching
  • personalised medicine
  • synthetic biology
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7
Q

How have sequencing methods changed over time

A

Used to be a manual process, however now it has become automated. A reaction mixture is created and after the process is complete, a machine reads the base sequence

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