80T-122 Air-Capable Ships NATOPS Flashcards
Control zone of air-capable ship?
Control area?
ZONE: 5NM radius 2500ft MSL Gives way to aviation ships, airfields, and special use airspace
AREA: 50NM radius upper limit as assigned
When is positive control mandatory?
- Ceiling less than 500ft
- Forward flight visibility less than 1 mile
- All flight operations between 1/2 hour after sunset and 1/2 hour before sunrise except as modified by the OTC or the commanding officer.
What is the required lateral separation for Helos outside 50 miles of an air capable ship?
Withing 50?
Outside: 5 mile minimum
Inside: 3 mile minimum
Whats required Vertical Separation?
500ft from other rotary wing, 1000ft from fixed wing.
What are the 3 levels of operations for air-capable ships?
- Level 1: IMC day/night
- Level 2: VMC day/night
- Level 3: VMC day only
List the different class certifications for Air Capable Ships.
- 1- Landing area with support facilities for types of aircraft certified
- 2- Landing area with service facilities for types of aircraft certified
- 2A- Landing area with limited service facilities for types of aircraft certified
- 3- Landing area for types of aircraft certified; no service facilities
- 4- Vertrep/hover area minimum hover height 5ft for types of aircraft certified
- 5- Vertrep/hover area minimum hover height 15ft for types of aircraft certified
- 6- HIFR facility capable of delivering a minimum of 50gal of fuel per minute at a px of 20psi to a height of 40ft
- 6R- HIFR facility capable of delivering 25-49gal per minute at a px of 20psi to a height of 40ft
- 7 (HOSTAC): Facility for transfering personnel or light cargo (eg mail bags) by means of the aircraft hoist.
What are the ship’s Saftey Boat Crew Requirements Day / Night?
DAY: Safety boat ready, crew assigned and on immediate call
NIGHT: Safety boat ready, crew on station; or Plane guard ship monitoring land/launch frequency and in position and crew assigned and on immediate call.
NOTE
The ship itself or its rescue boat are the primary rescue assets during routine operations. If sea state would prevent rescue by ship or boat, a SAR-equipped helicopter in Alert 30 must be available
What is required to be a SAR Helicopter per the 122?
- Operable hoist with rescue device
- Operable searchlight (for night SAR)
- Sufficient liferafts to support passenger rescue equipment
Define Shipboard Landing Environment (Verbatim)
That phase of the approach, nominally from the Missed Approach Point (MAP) to flight deck landing during which the aircrew transitions from an instrument reference scan to a visual reference scan.
Define the shipboard takeoff environment (Verbatim)
Phase of departure from an air capable ship flight deck to the briefed level altitude or 150ft during which aircrew transitions from a visual scan to an instrument scan
For departures from single spot ships, PAC transfers from a visual to an instrument scan after positive rate of climb is established and obstruction clearance is obtained
When is TACAN required? (Verbatim)
For aircraft equipped with a TACAN, ship’s TACAN system SHALL be operable for all shipboard launches and recoveries in IMC.
When is the Horizon Reference System (HRS) required? (Verbatim)
Without a visible horizon, an operable HRS bar (when installed) SHALL be utilized for single-spot ship operations
Do all Visual Landing aids need to be operating for night ops?
What if conducting Aided ops?
All shipboard VLA Lighting equipment SHOULD be operative for night/low visibility operations.
When conducting aided operations all shipboard lighting SHALL be NVD compliant
What is the SGSI Breakdown?
How do you fly it?
- 9° total
- 1.5º Green
- 1º Amber
- 6.5º Red
- With a 40º Azimuth it is visible out to 3 miles away during optimal conditions
The pilot flies the amber/red interface which is fixed at a 3º Glideslope. If the accuracy of the SGSI is in doubt continue on the normal approach profile.
When is the SGSI required to be on?
When must it be energized?
The SGSI (if operable) SHALL remain energized during the entire period of night (aided or unaided) operations
The SGSI system must be energized in standby mode a minimum of 4 hours before scheduled flight operations
Permissible lighting degradation’s for Unaided Operations (Verbatim)
May be conducted in the event of a failure of not more than one of the light subsystems required for the ships facility certification provided:
- A visible horizon exists and is discernible by aircraft commander in the shipboard landing/takeoff environment
- The ships CO and the embarked OIC (aircraft commander for non-embarked evolutions) concur that the failed lighting system is not critical to scheduled mission.
Permissible lighting degradation’s for Aided Operations (Verbatim)
May be conducted in the event of a failure of more than one of the light subsystems required for the ships facility certification provided:
- A visible horizon exists and is discernible through NVDs by the aircraft commander in the shipboard landing/takeoff environment
- The ships CO and the embarked OIC (aircraft commander for non-embarked evolutions) concur that the failed lighting systems are not critical to the scheduled mission.
- The following lighting subsystems remain operational and available:
- Overhead/forward structure floodlights
- Deck surface/ hanger wash floodlights
- Associated lighting control panels
- Advanced stabilized Glide Slope Indicator (if installed)
- Aviation Lighting System Control Panel Set (if installed)
What are the sequence of lights from engine start to take off?
- Engine start: Position lights Steady DIM / Smacks Uppers
- Rotors: Position lights Flashing DIM
- Take-Off: Position lights steady BRIGHT
What is the Alpha Pattern and when do you use it?
A 300ft/80kts Clockwise Pattern
Used in the event of hung forward firing ordnance
Overhead delta for air-capable ships?
500ft left hand pattern around the ship flown at optimum speed
Where do you land on a Landing lineup and circle to ensure clearance?
Main mounts in the landing circle and fuselage aligned with the landing lineup line
What are Helo minimum visual operating parameters?
What about IMC App Mins?
VMC: 500-1
IMC: Mins for the Tacan App are 200-1/2
How do you execute an Offset Approach?
Who Flies it?
5° offset from BRC at .25 mile increasing on approach to arrive at 25° to 40° over flight deck (Min offset is 18°)
The Aircraft SHOULD land in the PORT RSD or on a clear deck to ensure that landing gear fits on the flight deck.
The Offset Approach SHALL be flown from the right seat only during day or night VMC. Visual ques, especially over the deck, are inadequate from the left seat
An actual ELVA SHALL NOT be conducted unless?
Weather minimums are below 200-1/2 and the aircraft does not have adequate fuel to divert to a GCA equipped field / CCA ship
Describe the ELVA profile
What do you do if you need to do a missed approach?
- Appraoch starts 4 miles 400ft AGL 70 kts
- Slow to 40 kts at 1/2 mile
- MAP: 50ft AGL 100 yards vis
If a missed approach occurs, the aircraft will make a 30° heading change to the left (right for port approach) and climb to 400ft
For starboard approaches, final approach heading will be BRC minus the flight deck approach angle, for port approaches, it will be BRC plus flight deck angle, and for straight-in approaches, it will be the BRC.
What are 4 things you should consider before performing a smoke light approach?
- Return to ship early
- Maneuver ship into better visibility
- Vectoring the aircraft to another ship where visibility is better
- Vectoring aircraft to suitable alternate field
What is required to conduct a smokelight approach?
How do you do it?
This approach is used as a last resort when available equipment will not allow ELVA procedures to be used, or when the ship cannot be visually acquired using ELVA procedures.
Both the commanding officer and the PIC (or detachment OIC) must have agreed to attempt procedure.
2 miles astern of the ship descending at Pilot’s discretion to 40ft/40kts until flares of wake is found.
Flare is dropped every 15 seconds
When can you break EMCON?
- An overdue Aircraft
- Unplanned PIM Changes
- Rapidly deteriorating weather
- Safety of Flight
When are 2-way communications mandatory?
- At night
- During periods of low ceiling and visibility
- For flight beyond visual range of the ship
Describe the lost comms triangle
Squawk 7600
120° degree turns every 2 mins
What is the Radius of action for aircraft on air-capable ships.
How much does that work out to be for us?
Radius of action SHALL NOT exceed 45% of maximum range of aircraft, and may be further reduced at night under EMCON or IMC
120NM based on Datalink connectivity at 13,000DA and 10,000ft Oxygen Range
Whats the max fly-off distances and when can should they be conducted?
What does HSM-51 SOP say?
Flyoffs are more hazardous due to psychological factors.
They SHOULD NOT be in night/IMC and SHALL NOT exceed 75% of max range.
One way flights SHALL be limited to 150NM Ship-Ship/Shore-Ship and 200NM Ship-Shore
What is required for Dual Helo ops?
WingPAC SOP:
Detachments operating on single-spot ships with two manned embarked helicopters utilizing RSD SHALL NOT conduct concurrent flight ops UNLESS an emergency landing site (ship or shore) is available within 50NM for the duration of the evolution
This requirement applies to missions where the parent ship is the intended point of landing for both aircraft and does not apply to missions scheduled for termination at other than the parent ship. It does not apply to fly-ons for scheduled embarkation
Also does not apply to concurrent manned/unmammed flight ops
For APU starts what is required?
- OOD notification
- Fire bottle manned
- Flight deck clear of unnecessary personnel
Engine turn ups require what?
- FOD walk down complete
- Safety nets are down
- Firefighting equipment is on station
- Permission obtained from OOD
- Unnecessary personnel are clear
Alert 5
- Aircraft Spotted for immediate takeoff, blades spread. Required stores loaded. External power applied. Mission equipment warmed up.
- Aircrew Strapped in. Preflight checklist complete up to starting engines.
- Ship at flight quarters, fire party on station
- 4 hr max time
** Alert 5 is as fatiguing as actual flight and should normally be used only when launch is imminent.
Alert 15
- Aircraft Spotted for takeoff, blades spread, required stores loaded
- Aircrew Briefed for flight. Preflight inspection complete. Standing by on immediate call.
- Ship At flight quarters. Fire party in immediate vicinity.
- 8 hr max
Alert 30
- Rotors may be folded. Aircraft may be on deck or in hanger. Required stores loaded.
- Aircrew briefed for flight.
- Not at flight quarters
- 18/48***
*** Two aircraft detachments manning allows for unlimited alert 30 readiness. Daily and turnaround inspections will be required every 24 to 72 hours