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[Personal Health & Wellness] > 8: Recognizing and Avoiding Addiction and Drug Abuse > Flashcards

8: Recognizing and Avoiding Addiction and Drug Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

continued involvement with a substance or activity despite ongoing negative consequences

A

addiction

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2
Q

adaptive state of brain and body processes that occurs with regular addictive behavior and results in withdrawal if the addictive behavior stops

A

physiological dependence

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3
Q

a phenomenon in which progressively larger doses of a drug or more intense involvement in a behavior are needed to produce the desired effects

A

tolerance

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4
Q

a series of temporary physical and psychological symptoms that occur when an addict abruptly abstains from an addictive chemical or behavior

A

withdrawal

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5
Q

dependency of the mind on a substance or behavior, which can lead to psychological withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, irritability, or cravings

A

psychological dependence

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6
Q

preoccupation with a behavior and an overwhelming need to perform it

A

compulsion

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7
Q

excessive preoccupation with an addictive substance or behavior

A

obsession

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8
Q

inability to predict reliably whether a particular instance of involvement with an addictive substance or behavior will be healthy or damaging

A

loss of control

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9
Q

physical damage, legal trouble, financial ruin, academic failure, family dissolution, and other severe problems that do not occur with healthy involvement in any behavior

A

negative consequences

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10
Q

inability to perceive or accurately interpret the self-destructive effects of an addiction

A

denial

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11
Q

failure to avoid drug use over a sustained period of time

A

inability to abstain

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12
Q

self-defeating relationship pattern in which a person helps or encourages addictive behavior in another

A

codependence

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13
Q

a person who knowingly or unknowingly protects an addict from the consequences of the addict’s behavior

A

enabler

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14
Q

a condition in which a person is dependent on some mood-altering behavior, such as gambling, spending, or exercising

A

process addiction

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15
Q

a preoccupation with shopping and spending accompanied by little control over the impulse to buy

A

compulsive buying disorder

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16
Q

a person who works out on a rigid schedule to the point of physical pain or damage, focusing on weight loss and skipping other activities to work out

A

exercise addiction

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17
Q

compulsive use of the computer, PDA, cell phone, or other form of technology to access the internet for activities such as email, games, shopping, social media

A

internet addiction

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18
Q

compulsive use of work and the work persona to fulfill needs for intimacy, power, and success

A

work addiction

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19
Q

compulsive involvement in sexual activity

A

sexual addiction

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20
Q

non-nutritional, non-food substances that are intended to affect the structure or function of the mind or body through chemical action

A

drugs

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21
Q

a chemical that relays messages between nerve cells or from nerve cells to other body cells

A

neurotransmitter

22
Q

drugs that affect brain chemistry and have the potential to alter mood or behavior

A

psychoactive drugs

23
Q

intake of drugs through the mouth

A

oral ingestion

24
Q

introduction of drugs into the body through the respiratory tract (lungs)

A

inhalation

25
Q

introduction of drugs into the body via a hypodermic needle

A

injection

26
Q

introduction of drugs into the body through the skin

A

transdermal

27
Q

mixtures of drugs and a waxy medium designed to melt at body temperature after being inserted into the anus or vagina

A

suppositories

28
Q

use of multiple medications, vitamins, recreational drugs, or illicit drugs simultaneously

A

polydrug use

29
Q

interaction of two or more drugs that produces more profound effects than would be expected if the drugs were taken separately - AKA potentiation

A

synergism

30
Q

a type of interaction in which two or more drugs work at the same receptor site so that one blocks the action of the other

A

antagonism

31
Q

a drug interaction in which the effects of one drug are eliminated or reduced by the presence of another drug at the same receptor site

A

inhibition

32
Q

a type of interaction in which two or more drugs produce extremely uncomfortable reactions when combined

A

intolerance

33
Q

development of a tolerance to one drug that reduces the effects of another, similar drug

A

cross-tolerance

34
Q

use of a drug for a purpose for which it was not intended

A

drug misuse

35
Q

excessive use of a drug

A

drug abuse

36
Q

a drug that increases activity of the central nervous system - increased activity, anxiety, agitation

A

stimulant

37
Q

a large and varied group of synthetic agents that stimulate the central nervous system

A

amphetamines

38
Q

a stimulant drug that is legal in the United States and found in many coffees, teas, chocolates, energy drinks, and certain medications

A

caffeine

39
Q

psychoactive stimulant made from chopped leaves and flowers of Cannabis indica or Cannabis sativa plants (hemp)

A

marijuana

40
Q

chemical name for the active ingredient in marijuana

A

tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)

41
Q

drugs that slow down the activity of the central nervous and muscular systems and cause sleepiness or drowsiness

A

depressants

42
Q

a class of central nervous system depressant drugs with sedative, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant effects (tranquilizers)

A

benzodiazepines

43
Q

drugs that depress the central nervous system, have sedative and hypnotic effects, are less safe than benzodiazepines

A

barbiturates

44
Q

drugs that induce sleep, relieve pain, and produce euphoria - AKA narcotics

A

opioids

45
Q

parent drug of opioids, made from the seedpod resin of the ___ poppy

A

opium

46
Q

opioid-like hormones that are manufactured in the human body and contribute to natural feelings of well-being

A

endorphins

47
Q

substances capable of creating auditory or visual distortions and unusual changes in mood, thoughts, and feelings

A

hallucinogens

48
Q

synthetic analogs that produce effects similar to those of existing drugs

A

club drugs

49
Q

chemical vapors that are sniffed or inhaled to produce highs

A

inhalants

50
Q

artificial forms of the hormone testosterone that promote muscle growth and strength

A

anabolic steroids

51
Q

substances that are believed to enhance athletic performance

A

ergogenic drugs

52
Q

the process, involving abstinence, of freeing a drug user from an intoxicating or addictive substance in the body or from dependence on such a substance

A

detoxification

[Personal Health & Wellness] (12 decks)

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