1: Accessing Your Health Flashcards
proportion of deaths to population
mortality
expected number of years of life remaining at a given age
life expectancy
illness that typically begins slowly, progresses, and persists - symptoms can be treated but not cured by medication
chronic disease
expected number of years of full health remaining at a given age
healthy life expectancy
assessment of impact of health status (physical, mental, emotional, social) on overall quality of life
health-related quality of life (HRQoL)
assessment of the positive aspects of a person’s life (positive emotions, life satisfaction)
well-being
ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in physical, social, emotional, mental, spiritual, and environmental dimensions
health
view of health in which health status focuses primarily on the individual and a biological or diseased organ perspective
medical model
view of health in which diseases and other negative health events are seen as result of an individuals’ interaction with their social and physical environment
ecological / public health model
actions or behaviors designed to keep people from getting sick
disease prevention
combined educational, organizational, procedural, environmental, social, and financial supports that help people reduce negative health behaviors and promote positive change
health promotion
actions that increase susceptibility to negative health outcomes
risk behaviors
achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of six dimensions
wellness
range of personal, social, economic and environmental factors that influence health status
determinants of health
differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases and other health conditions among specific population groups
health disparities
behaviors within your power to change that can significantly influence your health
modifiable determinants
biological and genetic factors of one’s health that can’t be changed through behavior
nonmodifiable determinants
everything created or modified by human beings (buildings, recreation areas, transportation systems, etc.)
built environment
awareness of the present moment, including sensations, thoughts, feelings, and the environment, without evaluation, qualification, or judgment
mindfulness
appraisal of the relationship between an object/action/idea and some attribute of it (___ causes ___)
belief
model for explaining how beliefs may influence behaviors
health belief model (HBM)
model of behavior change that emphasizes the role of social factors and thought processes in behavior change
social cognitive model (SCM)
model of behavior change that identifies six distinct stages people go through in altering behavior patterns (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination)
transtheoretical model
health determinants that may be instilled by a person’s genetic and familial background (ex. smoking because your parents are smokers)
pre-disposing factors
health determinants that may be exacerbated by one’s social and peer environment (ex. friends who drink encouraging your drinking)
enabling factors
social, cognitive, and emotional force that directs human behavior
motivation
belief in one’s ability to perform a task successfully
self-efficacy
the location (external or internal) that an individual perceives as the source and underlying cause of events in their life (it’s out of my control / I control it)
locus of control
using a series of small steps to gradually achieve a particular goal
shaping
learning and adopting specific behaviors by observing others perform them
modeling
aspects of a situation that cue or stimulate a person to act in certain ways - lead to consequences (results of behavior)
antecedents
practicing, through mental imagery, to become better able to perform something in actuality
imagined rehearsal
substituting a desired behavior for an undesirable one
countering
attempt to influence a behavior through situations and occasions that are structured to exert control over that behavior (environment that encourages you to change behavior)
situational inducement
customary manner of thinking and talking to oneself, which can affect one’s self-image
self-talk
presenting something positive following a behavior that is being reinforced
positive reinforcement
returning to a pattern of negative behavior after a period of successfully avoiding that behavior
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