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HAP1 Revision > 8. Endocrine System > Flashcards

8. Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior Pituitary hormones:

A 
'FLAT GP'
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
Luteinising Hormone
Adrenocorticotrophic
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Growth hormone
Prolactin
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2
Q

Posterior Pituitary hormones:

A

OA (Overseas Adventure is Posterior to studies)
Oxytocin
Anti-diuretic hormone

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3
Q

FSH:

A

Develops eggs/follicles in ovaries and testes, enhances sperm production

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4
Q

LH:

A

Ovulation, testosterone production, secretion of progesterone/oestrogen

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5
Q

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone:

A

Stimulates adrenal cortex

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6
Q

Thyroid-stimulating hormone:

A

Stimulates thyroid gland

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7
Q

Growth hormone:

A

Stimulates bone/muscle growth

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8
Q

Prolactin:

A

Stimulates milk production

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9
Q

Oxytocin:

A

Stimulates ‘let-down’ of milk and uterine contractions

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10
Q

Anti-diuretic hormone:

A

Ups water retention

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11
Q

Adrenal cortex produces:

A

Glucocortacoids
Mineralocorticoids
Gonadacorticoids

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12
Q

Adrenal medulla produces:

A

Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

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13
Q

Glucocortacoids:

A

Controls blood glucose levels and stress

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14
Q

Mineralocorticoids:

A

Controls mineral and water balance

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15
Q

Gonadacorticoids:

A

Regulates sex hormones

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16
Q

Thyroid gland produces:

A

Thyroid Hormone

Calcitonin

17
Q

Parathyroid produces:

A

Parathyroid hormone - increases blood calcium

18
Q

Thyroid hormone:

A

Stimulates metabolism

19
Q

Calcitonin:

A

decreases blood calcium level (Calciton-IN = puts calcium IN the bones)

20
Q

Pineal gland produces:

A

Melatonin - influences sleep/wake cycles

21
Q

Pancreas produces:

A

Insulin and glucagon

22
Q

Thymus produces:

A

Thymosin - supports immune system

23
Q

Insulin:

A

Reduces blood sugar

24
Q

Glucagon:

A

Increases blood sugar

25
Q

Testosterone:

A

Produced in testes

Supports sperm formation & develops secondary sex characteristics

26
Q

Progesterone:

A

Produced in ovaries

Maintains pregnancy & lactation prep.

27
Q

Oestrogen:

A

Growth/maturation of female sex characteristics

28
Q

3 Types of stimulation of endocrine glands:

A

hormonal - by other hormones
humoral - changes in blood concentration
neural - nerve stimulation

29
Q

Endocrine gland:

A

ductless (no passageways) cluster of cells that releases hormones directly into surrounding tissue i.e blood, lymph

30
Q

Hormone:

A

Chemical messenger made by cells inside gland/organ

31
Q

Target cell:

A

Destination for a specific hormone

Receptors on plasma membrane (AAB) or inside cell (SB)

32
Q

Steroid-based hormones (SB):

A

Lipid soluble, bind to receptors within a cell

33
Q

Amino Acid-based hormones (AAB):

A

Water soluble, bind to receptors on plasma membrane, triggering a “second messenger”

34
Q

Because steroid-based hormones are _____ , they can pass freely through ________

A

lipid soluble

cell membranes

HAP1 Revision (13 decks)

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