Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

23 Growth and Development > 8 - Basic Cephalometrics > Flashcards

8 - Basic Cephalometrics Flashcards

1
Q

what is the assessment of craniofacial dimensions utilizing standardized landmarks

A

cepahlometrics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is drawn using cephalometric landmarks

A

landmark lines, angles, and planes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: Profile convexity or concavity results from a disproportion in the size of the jaws

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

can you determine which jaw is causing facial disharmony just by determining facial profile?

A

NO!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Convex profile indicates Class ___ jaw relationship which can result from a maxilla that projects to far or a mandible too far back

A

Class II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Concave profile indicates Class ___ jaw relationship which can result from a maxilla that is too far back or a mandible that protrudes too far forward

A

Class III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

purpose of cephalometrics

A
  1. Study craniofacial growth
  2. Diagnosis
  3. Planning orthodontic treatment
  4. Evaluation of orthodontic treatment during or after case completion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

X-ray tube should be __ inches from mid-sagittal plane of patient

A

60 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Film/sensor should be ___ inches from mid-sagittal plane of patient

A

7.5 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how to do traditional lateral ceph tracing

A

radiographic film, light box, and acetate paper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how to do contemporary lateral ceph tracing

A

Digital radiographic image captured, and software systems used to plot points, planes, measure angles etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the midpoint of the hypophyseal fossa (ovoid area of the spheroid bone that contains the pituitary gland)

A

Sella turcica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the external junction of the nasofrontal suture in the median plane

A

nasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the most inferior point on the external border of the orbit

A

orbitale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the most superior point on the articular head of the condyle

A

condylion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the most anterior projection of the anterior nasal spine of the maxilla in the median plane

A

anterior nasal spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the deepest point of the curvature of the anterior maxilla between the anterior nasal spine and the alveolar crest

A

subspinale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the deepest point of the curvature of the anterior maxilla between the anterior nasal spine and the alveolar crest

A

supramentale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the most anterior point on the midsagittal mandibular symphysis

A

pagonion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the most inferior point of the mandibular symphysis

A

menton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is constructed point that is formed by the intersection of the facial and mandibular planes

A

gnathion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the constructed point that is formed by the intersection of the lines of tangent to the posterior margin of the ascending ramus and the mandibular plane

A

gonion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the most superior point of the external auditory meatus (top of metal ring of left ear cephalostat rod)

A

porion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the most inferior posterior point on the occipital bone that corresponds to the anterior margin of foramen magnum

A

basion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what is the tip of the posterior spine of the palatine bone
posterior nasal spine
26
A
sella turcica
27
B
Porion
28
C
condylion
29
F
orbitale
30
G
basion
31
J
posterior nasal spine
32
K
anterior nasal spine
33
L
A point: subspinale
34
M
gonion
35
N
B point: supramentale
36
O
pagnion
37
P
gnathion
38
Q
menton
39
what is plane constructed by line from porion (Po) to orbitale (O) (basic horizontal plane of the head)
frankfort horizontal
40
what is plane constructed by line from nasion (N) to pagonion (Pg)
facial plane
41
what represents the anterior-posterior extent of the anterior cranial base
sella-nasion plane
42
what is line extending through the anterior and posterior nasal spine (ANS-PNS)
palatal plane
43
what is line separating the maxillary and mandibular molars and extending through the contact of the most anterior maxillary and mandibular incisors
occlusal plane
44
what is line of tangent along the inferior border of the mandible
mandibular plane
45
A
SN
46
B
FH
47
C
PP
48
D
OP
49
E
MP
50
what is angle between sella-nasion line and nasion–A point line
SNA
51
what is angle between sella-nasion line and nasion-B point line
SNB
52
what is the difference between SNA and SNB angles
ANB
53
what is angle formed between the nasion–pagonion line and the Frankfort horizontal plane
facial plane angle
54
what is angle formed between the mandibular plane – and the Frankfort horizontal plane
mandibular plane angle (FMA)
55
what is angle between sella-nasion line and incisor long axis
maxillary incisor angulation
56
what is horizontal distance from facial surface of maxillary central incisor to the nasion-A point line
maxillary incisor AP position
57
what is angle between mandibular plane and long axis of inciso
mandibular incisor angulation
58
horizontal distance from tip of mandibular incisor to the A point- Pagonion line
mandibular incisor AP position
59
what is angle between sella-nasion line and nasion–A point line
SNA
60
clinical norm and clinical deviation of SNA
Clinical norm: approximately 82˚ Clinical deviation 2˚
61
what does SNA interpret
Establishes horizontal location of the maxilla relative to the cranial base. High numbers may indicate maxillary prognathism. Lower numbers may indicate maxillary retrognathism Other variables influence interpretation such as age and ethnicity
62
angle between sella-nasion line and nasion-B point line
SNB
63
clinical norm and deviation of SNB
Clinical norm: approximately 80˚ Clinical deviation 2˚
64
how to interpret SNB
Establishes horizontal location of the mandible relative to the cranial base. High numbers may indicate mandibular prognathism. Lower numbers may indicate mandibular retrognathism Other variables influence interpretation such as age and ethnicity
65
what is the difference between SNA and SNB angles
ANB
66
clinical norm and deviation of ANB
Clinical norm: approximately 2˚ Clinical deviation 2˚
67
how to interpret ANB
Indicates the horizontal relationship between the maxilla and mandible. Positive values greater than 4˚ is indicative of a skeletal Class II pattern. Values less than 0˚ indicative of a skeletal Class III pattern Other variables influence interpretation such as age and ethnicity
68
what is angle formed between the nasion – pagonion line and the Frankfort horizontal plane
facial plane angle
69
how to interpret facial plane angle
locates the horizontal position of the chin and determines if the skeletal profile is retrognathic or prognathic Other variables influence interpretation such as age and ethnicity
70
clinical norm and deviation and type of mandible angles of facial plane angle
Clinical norm: approximately 89˚ Clinical deviation 3˚ Greater than 90˚ indicates prognathic mandible Less than 90˚ indicates retrognathic mandible
71
what is angle formed between the mandibular plane – and the Frankfort horizontal plane
mandibular plane angle
72
clinical norm and deviation and type of groth pattern for mandibular plane angle
Clinical norm: approximately 26' Clinical deviation 4° Greater than 31° indicates dolichofacial (long face) growth pattern Less than 21® indicates brachyfacial (short face) growth pattern
73
what is angle between sella-nasion line and incisor long
maxillary incisor angulation
74
clinical norm and deviation of maxillary incisor angulation
Clinical norm: approximately 102 Clinical deviation 3°
75
how to interpret maxillary incisor angulation
relates the upper incisor angulation to the upper and middle face. Values greater than 105˚ indicate incisor protrusion, values less than 99˚ indicate incisor retrusion
76
what is horizontal distance from facial surface of maxillary central incisor to the nasion-A point line
maxillary incisor AP position
77
clinical norm and deviation of max incisor AP position
Clinical norm: approximately 4 mm Clinical deviation 2mm
78
how to interpret maxillary insicor AP position
Interpretation: Indicates horizontal position of the maxillary incisors. Values greater than 6 mm indicate anterior dental protrusion, values less than 1mm indicate dental retrusion Other variables influence interpretation such as age and ethnicity
79
what is angle between mandibular plane and long axis of incisor
mandibular incisor angulation
80
clinical norm and deviation of mandibular incisor angulation
Clinical norm: approximately 90˚ Clinical deviation 4˚
81
how to interpret mandibular incisor angulation
Gives an evaluation of the angular position of the incisor to the mandibular basal bone. Values greater than 94˚ indicate incisor protrusion, values less than 86˚ indicate incisor retrusion
82
what is the horizontal distance from tip of mandibular incisor to the A point-Pagonion line
mandibular incisor AP position
83
clinical norm and deviation of mandibular incisor AP position
Clinical norm: approximately 2 mm Clinical deviation 2.3mm
84
interpretation of mandibular incisor AP position
Defines the anterior-posterior position of the mandibular dental unit. Values greater than 4.5 mm indicate mandibular dental protrusion, values less than 0mm indicate mandibular dental retrusion Other variables influence interpretation such as age and ethnicity
85
what is The angle formed by the intersection of the lines of tangent to the columella of the nose and the upper lip
nasolabial angle
86
what does the nasolabial angle interpret
Provides an assessment of the nose to upper lip relationship
87
clinical norm and deviations of nasolabial angle
Clinical norm: approximately 90-110˚ Greater than 114˚ may indicate upper lip retrusion Less than 96˚ may be associated with dental protrusion
88
what is line connecting the tip of the nose and the most anterior point on the soft-tissue chin
aesthetic (E-plane)
89
what is the horizontal distance between the lower lip and the aesthetic plane
lip protrusion
90
interpretation of aesthetic plane and lip protrusion
Indicates soft-tissue balance between the lips and profile
91
clinical norm and deviation of aethetic plane and lip protrusion
Clinical norm: approximately -2mm @ 8.5 years old, -5 mm @ adulthood Clinical deviation 2 mm

23 Growth and Development (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions