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23 Growth and Development > 10 - Development and Developmental Disturbances of the Teeth Part 2 > Flashcards

10 - Development and Developmental Disturbances of the Teeth Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what tooth anomalies of initiation result in agenesis of teeth

A

anodontia
oligodontia
hypodontia
congenitally missing tooth/teeth

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2
Q

what is anodontia

A

complete failure of teeth to develop (failure of initiation)

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3
Q

what is oligodontia

A

only a few teeth develop (failure of initiation)

only have a few

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4
Q

what is hypodontia

A

agenesis of some teeth (failure of initiation)

only missing a few

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5
Q

what is congenitally missing tooth/teeth

A

agenesis of tooth or “pair/group” of teeth (failure of initiation)

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6
Q

do females or males have a higher prevalence of congenitally missing tooth/teeth

A

females > males

accentuated in review

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7
Q

what is the primary dentition prevalence of congenitally missing tooth/teeth? permanent (excluding 3rd molars)?

A

primary <1%
permanent 1.5-10%

accentuated in review

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8
Q

what is the frequency of congenitally missing tooth/teeth in permanents by tooth?

A

3rd molars (20%)
mand 2nd premolar (3.4%)
max lateral incisor (2.2%)
max second premolar (.85%)

accentuated in review

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9
Q

__________ is a term used to describe too many or “extra” teeth

A

hyperdontia

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10
Q

T/F primary teeth are 5x more common than permanent teeth to have hyperdontia

A

false (permanent 5x more common)

per review: 95% in max esp. in anterior region

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11
Q

________ is a term given to extra tooth located in the midline of the arch

A

mesiodens

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12
Q

_________ is a term used if the extra tooth has normal morphology whereas _______ is a term used if extra tooth is conical, tuberculate (barrel shaped), or other abnormal morphology

A

supplemental supernumerary tooth, rudimentary supernumerary tooth

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13
Q

what is an odontoma?

A

odontogenic tumor resulting from abnormal proliferation of the cells of the enamel organ

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14
Q

what is complex odontoma vs compound odontoma?

A

complex: unorganized amorphous mass of calcified tooth tissue
compound: organized into multiple small tooth like granules

accentuated in review to know difference

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15
Q

___________ is a term to describe a tooth that is smaller than a normal tooth

A

MICROdontia

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16
Q

___________ is a term used to describe a tooth that is larger than a normal tooth

A

MACROdontia

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17
Q

what is the order of teeth most likely to get microdontia?

A

max laterals > 2nd premolar > 3rd molars

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18
Q

what is the order of teeth most likely to get macrodontia

A

incisors > canines

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19
Q

what are the conditions and syndromes associated with microdontia

A
  1. ectodermal dysplasia
  2. chondroectodermal dysplasia
  3. hemifacial microsomia
  4. down syndrome
  5. crouzon syndrome
  6. pituitary dwarfism
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20
Q

what are the conditions and syndromes associated with macrodontia

A
  1. hemifacial hyperplasia
  2. crouzon syndrome
  3. otodental syndrome
  4. XYY syndrome
  5. pituitary gigantism
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21
Q

what is the prevalence of gemination for both primary and permanent?

A

primary: 1.5%
permanent: 0.5%

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22
Q

what’s the prevalence of fusion?

A

0.5% and more common in primary dentition

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23
Q

difference between fusion and gemination?

A

gemination: normal count is normal when enlarged tooth is counted as one

fusion: count is less than normal when enlarged tooth is counted as one

accentuated in review

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24
Q

difference between fusion and concrescence?

A

fusion: dental union of two embryologically developing teeth with two separate pulp chambers (may sometimes have fused canals)

Concrescence: fusion that occurs after root formation is complete

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25
prevalence of dens in dente?
0.3-10% ## Footnote accentuated on the review
26
what tooth is most common to have dens in dente?
max lateral incisor
27
clinical significance of dens in dente?
carious involvement via communication b/w oral environment and invaginated portion
28
what tooth anomaly is also known as talon cusp(s)
dens evaginatus
29
prevalence of dens evaginatus
1-8%
29
most common tooth to get dens evaginatus
max lateral incisor ## Footnote accentuated in review; also that it is uncommon in primary dentition
29
what happens in taurodontism
the body of the tooth and pulp chamber is enlarged vertically at the expense of the roots; the floor of pulp and furcation of the tooth is moved apically down the root ## Footnote Morphodifferentiation anomaly (per review know morpho vs histodiff.)
29
prevalence of taurodontism
~3%
30
which tooth is most likely to be affected with taurodontism?
permanent molars
31
what morphodifferentiation anomaly is characterized by abnormal curvature of roots? ## Footnote (per review know morpho vs histodiff.)
dilaceration
32
how does dilaceration happen?
trauma to primary dentition especially intrusion, supernumerary teeth, or idiopathic developmental disturbance
33
what is amelogenesis imperfecta
heritable enamel defect: multiple inheritance patterns ## Footnote histodifferentiation anomaly (per review know morpho vs histodiff.)
34
how do you treat amelogenesis imperfecta?
depends on severity and demands of aesthetics; full coverage for more severe cases; questionable bond strength to enamel
35
what are the 4 major types of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI)?
AI Type I (hypoplastic) AI type II (hypomaturation) AI type III (hypocalcified) AI type IV (hypoplastic/hypomaturation w/ or w/o taurodontism)
36
how might the teeth look if they have dentinogenesis imperfecta: shields type I?
amber translucencies
37
dentinogenesis imperfecta: shields type I is more common on _________?
primary teeth (vs permanent) ## Footnote review accentuated **rapid attrition** for this **histodifferentiation** anomaly
38
what histodifferentiation anomaly? a dental manifestation of type 1 collagen defect
dentinogenesis imperfecta: shields type I (could be the other subtypes but specifically listed on the type I)
39
what's another name for dentinogenesis imperfecta: shields type II?
hereditary opalescent dentin
40
T/F dentinogenesis imperfecta: shields type II only will accur with osteogenesis imperfecta
False, will occur alone not in combo
41
will primary or permanent dentition be more affected with dentinogenesis imperfecta: shields type II?
they will be equally affected
42
When will we see dentinogenesis imperfecta: shields type III?
only seen in Brandywine tri-racial isolate population (southern Maryland)
43
how do the teeth look in dentinogenesis imperfecta: shields type III?
opalescent hue, bell shaped crowns, shell teeth with short roots and enlarged pulp chambers
44
how can someone get enamel hypoplasia?
environmentally induced (e.g. vitamin deficiency, tetracycline staining, fluorosis, radiation, etc) genetic etiologies (e.g. amelogenesis imperfecta)
45
what tooth anomalies apposition? cells of epitheial rooth sheath may remain attached to dentin; these cells may differentiate into ameloblasts
enamel pearls
46
what anomaly is also known as ghost teeth?
regional odontodysplasia
47
in regional odontodysplasia there is a localized arrest in ____________
tooth development
48
what will have a clinical presentation of thin enamel with diffuse shell-like appearance, large pulps, little dentin, with failure of eruption
regional odontodysplasia
49
with hypophosphatasia there is a lack of ______________
serum alkaline phosphatase
50
is hypophosphatasia autosomal dominant or recessive?
both
51
if a pt presents with premature loss of primary teeth with little or no resorption the first thought you have should be ________________
hypophosphatasia
52
what will cause enamel hypomineralization?
same as enamel hypoplasia environmentally induced (e.g. vitamin deficiency, tetracycline staining, fluorosis, radiation, etc) genetic etiologies (e.g. amelogenesis imperfecta) ## Footnote problem with quality not quantity
53
T/F enamel hypomineralization is a problem of tooth hardness (mineralization) and not enamel thickness (or quantity)
true
54
prevalence of enamel hypomineralization
4-25%
55
what happens during tooth development for enamel fluorosis to happen?
excessive fluoride ingestion (systemic); first 8 years of life most critical
56
what is the issue with severe cases of fluorosis?
the enamel becomes more porous, and hypoplasia may be noted with the teeth becoming weakened and prone to caries or fracture
57
what are the 7 levels of Dean's Index?
1. no fluorosis 2. very mild fluorosis - central incisors with minimal white striations near incisal edge 3. mild fluorosis - central incisors with white striations near incisal edge 4. mild fluorosis - central incisors with white striations affect majority of facial surface 5. moderate fluorosis - central incisors with orange-brown stain 6. severe fluorosis - central incisors with orange-brown pitted enamel
58
what developmental disturbance will result in a severe green discoloration of the dentin?
hyperbilirubinemia from accumulation of bile pigment
59
what color does porphyria turn the teeth?
brown to purple
60
what developmental disturbance will result in incremental lines and become darker after exposure to light?
tetracycline therapy
61
T/F the enamel is more stained than dentin in tetracycline therapy
False
62
with cystic fibrosis there is ________ incidence of tooth staining and enamel defects, and ________ caries risk
High, low
63
what bacteria is assoc. with green extrinsic discoloration
bacillus pyocaneus, aspergillis
64
what bacteria is assoc. with orange extrinsic discoloration
serratia marcescens, flavobacterium lutescens (poor oral hygiene typically easy to remove)
65
is bacteria that cause brown/black extrinsic discoloration easy or difficult to remove?
difficult
66
what color will chlorhexidine stain the teeth?
brown
67
what color will iron sulfide stain the teeth?
black
68
what color will tobacco stain the teeth?
dark brown to yellow
69
what color will maurijuana stain the teeth?
gray, green
70
if a baby is born with teeth those teeth are described as _____________
natal teeth ## Footnote accentuated in review
71
if a baby has eruption of teeth b/w birth and the 1st month of life it's described as _____________
neonatal teeth ## Footnote accentuated in review
72
natal and neonatal teeth can cause _____________ which is a traumatic ulcer on the ventral surface of the tongue
Riga Fede disease ## Footnote accentuated in review
73
what are examples of eruption inclusion cysts?
1. epstein pearls 2. bohn's nodules 3. dental lamina cyst ## Footnote per review: important to know where you would see them
74
where will you find Bohn nodules?
on the buccal or lingual aspect of the maxillary alveolar ridge (not located on or near the median palatal raphe)
75
where will dental lamina cysts be located?
on the crest of the alveolar ridges
76
what are dental lamina cysts commonly mistaken as?
early eruption of primary teeth
77
epstein pearls occur in ~_______% of newborns
80
78
what are epstein pearls?
trapped epithelial remnants
79
what is the name for a dentigerous cyst occurring around the crown?
eruption hematoma

23 Growth and Development (11 decks)

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