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23 Growth and Development > 2 - Evaluation of Face and Basic Terminology > Flashcards

2 - Evaluation of Face and Basic Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

most children show eruption of primary incisors by when

A

first birthday

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2
Q

most children show complete eruption of primary dentition by when

A

third birthday

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3
Q

is age of eruption or sequence of eruption more important

A

SEQUENCE

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4
Q

how many teeth in primary dentition

A

20 teeth

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5
Q

how many teeth in permanent dentition

A

32 teeth

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6
Q

primary molars are succeeded by what teeth

A

permanent premolars

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7
Q

primary dentition calcification begins at

central incisors
lateral incisors
canines
first molars
second molars

A

all 4th fetal month

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8
Q

primary dentition formation complete at

central incisors
lateral incisors
canines
first molars
second molars

A

central incisors 18-24 months
lateral incisors 18-24 months
canines 30-39 months
first molars 24-30 months
second molars 36 months

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9
Q

primary dentition eruption of maxillary

central incisors
lateral incisors
canines
first molars
second molars

A

central incisors 6-10 months
lateral incisors 8-12 months
canines 16-20 months
first molars 11-18 months
second molars 20-30 months

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10
Q

primary dentition eruption of
mandibular
central incisors
lateral incisors
canines
first molars
second molars

A

central incisors 5-8 months
lateral incisors 7-10 months
canines 16-20 months
first molars 11-18 months
second molars 20-30 months

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11
Q

primary dentition exfoliation
of mandibular
central incisors
lateral incisors
canines
first molars
second molars

A

central incisors 6-7 y
lateral incisors 7-8 y
canines 9-11 y
first molars 10-12 y
second molars 11-13 y

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12
Q

primary dentition exfoliation
of maxillary
central incisors
lateral incisors
canines
first molars
second molars

A

central incisors 7-8 y
lateral incisors 8-9 y
canines 11-12 y
first molars 9-11 y
second molars 9-12 y

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13
Q

what is the most common way for pediatric dentists to describe individual primary teeth

A

lettering

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14
Q

what is the system for numbering primary dentition used by orthodontists and pre-formed crown manufacturers

A
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15
Q

what tooth

A

L

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16
Q

what tooth

A

N

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17
Q

primary tooth eruption begins around ___ and is complete by ___

A

begins around 6 months; complete by 36 months

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18
Q

what primary tooth erupts first

A

primary mandibular centrals

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19
Q

what primary tooth erupts last

A

primary maxillary second molars

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20
Q

eruption sequence of primary teeth in both pattern

A

A-B-D-C-E

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21
Q

primary occlusion is typically established by ___ of age with little dimensional change until eruption of perm dentition

A

36 months

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22
Q

eruption sequence of maxillary perm

A

6-1-2-4-5-3-7-8

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23
Q

eruption sequence of mandibular perm

A

6-1-2-3-4-5-7-8

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24
Q

what is a vertical measurement of incisor overlap

A

overbite

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25
Q

what is typically reported as percentage of overlap of mandibular incisor crown

A

overbite (e.g., 50% overbite)

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26
Q

what is the normal range of overbite

A

10-70%

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27
Q

if there is no vertical overlap of CI, the patient is considered to have what

A

anterior open bite

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28
Q

in open bite cases, relative vertical position of CI is recorded as millimeters of vertical distance from ___ to ___

A

incisal edge to incisal edge

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29
Q

open bites may have what types of origins?

A

intrinsic origin (genetic) or extrinsic (environmental)

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30
Q

what are common extrinsic factors that cause open bite in children

A

pacifier use, thumb/finger sucking, tongue thrusting habits

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31
Q

if excessive vertical overlap of CI, the patient is said to have ___

A

anterior deep bite

32
Q

in ___ it is important to look for impingement of mandibular incisors of the palatal tissues

A

deep bite cases

33
Q

what is described to have horizontal measurement of incisor overlap

A

overjet

34
Q

overjet is typically reported as millimeter horizontal distance from ___ to ___

A

from labial of maxillary CI to labial of mandibular CI

35
Q

normal ranges of overjet

A

2-4 mm

36
Q

if max CI is lingual to labial surface of mand incisor, the overjet is expressed as ___

A

negative (-) millimeters

37
Q

patients with negative overjet is classified as what

A

anterior crossbite

38
Q

do patients have just a single tooth in cross bite or multiple teeth in cross bite?

A

could be either single tooth or multiple teeth

39
Q

frontal plane horizontal assessment is based on what

A

1/5s

40
Q

an ideally proportional face can be divided into what

A

central, medial, and lateral equal fifths horizontally

41
Q

what determine the central and medial fifths of frontal plane horizontal assessment

A

width of eyes and separation of eyes

42
Q

what should be centered within central fifth of frontal plane horizontal assessment

A

nose and chin

43
Q

what should be as wide or slightly wider than the central fifth of frontal plane horizontal assessment

A

nose

44
Q

based on the frontal plane horizontal assessment, the interpupillary distance should equal what

A

width of mouth

45
Q

frontal plane vertical assessment is based on what

A

1/3s

46
Q

an ideally proportional face is traditionally divided into what

A

equal thirds (acceptable for lower third to be slightly longer than central third)

47
Q

the lower facial third of frontal plane vertical assessment is subdivided again into what

A

into thirds with mouth being 1/3 way between the base of the nose and chin

48
Q

having long facial height (long and narrow) is described as

A

dolichofacial

49
Q

having a proportioned facial height “normal” is described as

A

mesiofacial

50
Q

having a short facial height (broad and short) is described as

A

brachyfacial

51
Q

profile convexity or concavity results from what

A

disproportion in size of jaws

52
Q

can you determine which jaw (maxilla or mandible) is causing facial disharmony just by determining facial profile

A

NO! additional info is needed

53
Q

a convex profile indicates what class relationship? what does this result from?

A

Class II - results from maxilla too far forward or mandible too far back

54
Q

a concave profile indicated what class relationship? what does this result from?

A

Class III - maxilla is too far back of mandible that protrudes too far forward

55
Q

what is an anthropometric reference line frequently used in analysis of lateral face

A

frankfort horizontal plane

56
Q

where is the frankfort horizontal plane

A

superior limit of external auditory meatus and palpated border of infraorbital bony rim

57
Q

what is the vertical line of frankfort horizontal plane

A

perpendicular to FH line thru glabella

58
Q

what is the angle formed between nasion-pagonion line and the FH plane

A

facial plane angle

59
Q

what does the facial plane angle locate and determine

A

locate the horizontal position of the chin and determines if skeletal profile is retrognathic or prognathic

60
Q

clinical norm of facial plane angle

A

approximately 89 degrees

61
Q

clinical deviation of facial plane angle

A

3 degrees from 89

62
Q

what indicates a prognathic mandible

A

facial plane angle greater than 90 degrees

63
Q

what indicated a retrognathic mandible

A

facial plane less than 90 degrees

64
Q

what are variable influences that affect facial plane angle

A

age and ethnicity

65
Q

what can be visualized by placing mirror handle along border of mandible

A

mandibular plane

66
Q

what is the angle formed between the mandibular plane and FH plane

A

mandibular plane angle

67
Q

clinical norm between mandibular angle and FH

A

appro 26 degrees

68
Q

clinical deviation between mandivular angle and FH plane is

A

4 degrees from 26

69
Q

angle formed between mandibular angle and FH plane being GREATER than 31 degrees indicates what

A

dolichofacial (long face) growth pattern

70
Q

angle formed between mandibular angle and FH plane being LESS than 21 degrees indicated what

A

brachyfacial (short face) growth pattern

71
Q

what is the angle formed by intersection of lines of tangent to the columella of the nose and the upper lip

A

nasolabial angle

72
Q

what provides an assessment of nose to upper lip relationship

A

nasolabial angle

73
Q

what is a line connecting the tip of the nose and the most anterior point of the soft-tissue chin

A

aesthetic plane (E-plane)

74
Q

what is the horizontal distance between lower lip and aesthetic plane

A

lip protrusion

75
Q

the interpretation of aethetic plane and lip protrusion indicates what

A

soft-tissue balance between lips and profile

76
Q

clinical norm of aesthetic plane and lip protrusion at 8.5 years and adulthood

A

8.5 years: -2 mm
adult: -5 mm

77
Q

clinical deviation of aesthetic plane and lip protrusion at 8.5 years and adulthood

A

8.5 years: 2 mm from -2 mm
adult: 2 mm from -5 mm

23 Growth and Development (11 decks)

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