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Physics > 8 Astrophysics > Flashcards

8 Astrophysics Flashcards

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1
Q

Universe

A

A large collection of billions of galaxies

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2
Q

Galaxies

A

A large collection of billions of stars

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3
Q

What is our galaxy called?

A

The milky way

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4
Q

Weight

A

The force due to gravity
Caused by the gravitational force of attraction of a planet on an object

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5
Q

Gravitational Field Strength (g)

A

The force per unit mass on an object in a gravitational field

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6
Q

Where does Gravitational Field Strength vary?

A

On different planets, due to size and mass
As size and mass increases, gravitational field strength increases

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7
Q

What does gravitational force of attraction cause?

A

Moons to orbit planets
Planets to orbit the Sun
Comets to orbit the Sun
Artificial satellites to orbit the Earth

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8
Q

Gravitational force of attraction

A

For an object to go round in a circle, a force towards the centre of the circle is needed

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9
Q

Example of gravitational force of attraction

A

The sun puts a gravitational force of attraction on Earth

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10
Q

Types of orbit

A

Elliptical
Circular

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11
Q

Stellar Evolution

A

When stars change over time

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12
Q

How can stars be classified?

A

By their colour -> relates to their surface temperature
ROYGBIV
R = cool
V = hot

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13
Q

Absolute Magnitude

A

Measure of the brightness of a star from a fixed distance on earth

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14
Q

How does absolute magnitude change with brightness?

A

The higher the absolute magnitude, the lower the brightness of the star

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15
Q

Big Bang

A
  1. All the matter in the universe came from a single point
  2. This point was very dense + hot
  3. This point exploded
  4. The universe is expanding outwards from a single point
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16
Q

What is the big bang proved by?

A

Red-Shift
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR)

17
Q

Doppler Effect

A

When a source is moving relative to an observer, the waves change in frequency and wavelength

Light emitted by stars will be a certain wavelength on the visible spectrum

18
Q

What happens in the Doppler Effect?

A

When the object is moving away from the observer, the wavelength of light increases/frequency decreases

19
Q

Red Shift

A

The light waves shift towards the red end of the visible spectrum

Shows that the star is moving away (longer wavelength is observed than expected)

20
Q

Blue Shift

A

The light waves shift towards the blue end of the visible spectrum

21
Q

Cosmic Microwave Background Raditation (CMBR)

A
  1. When the big bang occurred, many gamma rays were released
  2. As the universe expands, these gamma rays have stretched out into mcrowaves
  3. Its the same in all direction, showing the universe started at a single point

Physics (8 decks)

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