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7th Grade Science > 7th Science Classifying and Exploring Life (Organisms) > Flashcards

7th Science Classifying and Exploring Life (Organisms) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

List the Characteristics of Life.

A
  1. Organized
  2. Grow and develop
  3. Reproduce
  4. Respond to Stimuli
  5. Homeostasis
  6. Use energy
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2
Q

How are organisms organized?

A

By the number of cells - which is the smallest unit of life

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3
Q

How is growth determined in unicellular and multicellular organisms?

A
  1. Unicellular - grow as the cell increases in size

2. Multicellular - grow as the number of their cells increase

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4
Q

List some ways organisms reproduce.

A

DO NOT all reproduce in the same way

 a. by dividing and becoming two organisms
 b. by specialized cells for reproduction
 c. must have a mate or without a mate
 d. one or two offspring or hundreds of offspring
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5
Q

Name some examples of internal responses to stimuli.

A

a. feeling hunger

b. feeling thirst

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6
Q

Name some examples of external responses to stimuli.

A

a. Changes in organisms environment that affect the organism
b. Plants goes towards light
c. People sweating when temperature outside increases - your body’s way of cooling off

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7
Q

What is an organism’s ability to maintain steady internal conditions when outside conditions change?

A

homeostasis

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8
Q

All living organisms need what?

A

energy

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9
Q

What are the two classifications of organisms?

A
  1. Unicellular organism - living things that are made of only one cell
  2. Multicellular organism - living things that are made of two or more cells
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10
Q

What is the changes that occur in an organism during its lifetime?

A

Development

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11
Q

What must happen in order for organisms to continue to exist?

A

Reproduction

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12
Q

What type of organisms get energy from the Sun?

A

Producers

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13
Q

What type of organisms get their energy from other organisms?

A

Consumers

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14
Q

Who was the first to classify organisms?

A

Aristotle, a Greek philosopher

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15
Q

What were Aristotle’s two large groups in which he placed all organisms?

A
  1. Plants

2. Animals

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Aristotle’s Plant group?

A
  1. on structure and size of plant

2. whether it was a tree, shrub, or herb

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17
Q

What are the characteristics of Aristotle’s Animal group?

A
  1. on the presence of “red blood”
  2. the animal’s environment
  3. shape and size of animal
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18
Q

In the 1700’s who classified organisms based on similar structure?

A

Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish physician and botanist

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19
Q

Linnaeus placed all organisms into two main groups called what?

A

kingdoms

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20
Q

Linnaeus also developed a system for naming organisms that is still used today. What is it called?

A

binomial nomenclature

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21
Q

In 1969, who proposed a five-kingdom system?

A

An American biologist named Robert H. Whittaker

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22
Q

Name the five kingdoms that Whittaker proposed.

A
  1. Monera
  2. Protists
  3. Plantae
  4. Fungi
  5. Animalia
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23
Q

Is the classification system of living things still changing?

A

yes

24
Q

What is the current system of classifying living organisms called?

A

systematics

25
Q

What uses all evidence known about an organisms to classify them including:

  1. organism’s cell type
  2. its habitat
  3. the way it obtains food and energy
  4. structure and function of its features
  5. common ancestry of organisms
  6. molecular analysis?
A

systematics

26
Q

What is the study of molecules such as DNA within an organisms?

A

molecular analysis

27
Q

Using systematics, scientists identified two distinct groups in Kingdom Monera so they developed another level of classification called what?

A

Domains

28
Q

How many Domains are with six Kingdoms?

A

three

29
Q

Name the three Domains.

A

Bacteria, Archara, Eukarya

30
Q

Name the six Kingdoms.

A

Bacteria, Archaea, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

31
Q

What is a simple unicellular organisms?

A

Bacteria

32
Q

What is a simple unicellular organisms that lives in extreme environments?

A

Archaea

33
Q

What is an unicellular and more complex than bacteria and archaea?

A

Protista

34
Q

What is an unicellular or multicellular and absorb food?

A

Fungi

35
Q

What is multicellular and makes their own food?

A

Plantae

36
Q

What is multicellular and take in their own food?

A

Animalia

37
Q

What gives each organism a two-word scientific name that is the name of the organism’s genus and species?

A

Binomial nomenclature

38
Q

In binomial nomenclature, the first name is called what?

A

genus (plural is genera) which is a group of similar species

39
Q

In binomial nomenclature, the second name is called what?

A

species which is a group of organisms that have similar traits and are able to produce fertile offspring. It might describe the organism’s appearance or behavior.

40
Q

Each living organism has ONLY ____ scientific name that is the same world wide but _____ common names.

A

one; many

example:
Brown bear or grizzly bear - Common Name
Ursus arctos - scientific name

41
Q

List the Order of Classification System.

A 
Domain   -   DO
Kingdom  -  KINGS
Phylum -      PLAY
Class -         CARDS
Order -        ON
Family -       FAT
Genus -      GREEN
Species -    STOOLS?
42
Q

What is a series of descriptions arranged in pairs that lead the user to the identifications of an unknown organism? Each step includes two descriptions to choose from for an organism before going to the next step until the organism is identified.

A

Dichotomous Keys

43
Q

What is a branched diagram that shows the relationship among organisms, including common ancestors?

A

Cladograms

44
Q

NO -What enabled us to see details of living things that could not be seen with unaided eye and allowed for many new discoveries about living things?

A

the invention of microscopes

45
Q

NO - In the 1600’s which Dutch merchant made one of the first microscopes? It had only one lens and could magnify an image about 270 times its original size.

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

46
Q

NO -In the early 1700’s another inventor of microscopes observed and named cells using a microscope?

A

Robert Hooke

47
Q

NO -What are the characteristics of all microscopes?

A
  1. magnification - enlarges object

2. resolution - how clearly an object can be seen

48
Q

NO -What type of microscope uses light and lenses to enlarge an image of an object?

A

light microscope

49
Q

NO -A simple light microscope has only ______.

A

one lens

50
Q

NO -What is a light microscope that uses more than one lens to magnify an object?

A

Compound microscope

51
Q

NO -Name the two type of lens that a compound microscope has.

A
  1. ocular lens - magnifies the image first

2. objective lens - which further magnifies it.

52
Q

NO -What is a microscope that uses a magnetic field to focus a beam of electrons through an object or into an object’s surface?

A

electron microscope

53
Q

NO -An electron microscope can magnify an image up to what?

A

100,000 times or more.

54
Q

NO -What are the two main types of Electron Microscopes?

A
  1. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEMs)

2. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEMs)

55
Q

NO -Which type of electron microscope is used to study extremely small things and only dead organisms can be viewed?

A

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEMs)

56
Q

NO -Which type of electron microscope is used to study an object’s surface and produces a 3-D images of objects?

A

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEMs)

7th Grade Science (19 decks)

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