7.5 Respiratory System

Question 1

pulmonary artery

Answer 1

carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Question 2

pulmonary vein

Answer 2

carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 3

pulmonary capillaries

Answer 3

surround the thin tissue membranes of the alveoli; the site of gas exchange in blood

Question 4

alveoli

Answer 4

air sacs in the lungs that are surrounded by a network of capillaries and provide space for gas exchange

Question 5

nasal mucosa

Answer 5

warms, filters, and moistens the air

Question 6

pharynx

Answer 6

the membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus

Question 7

internal respiration

Answer 7

gas exchange between the bloodstream and the cells of the body

Question 8

inhalation

Answer 8

the act of taking in air as the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward

Question 9

exhalation

Answer 9

the act of breathing out as the diaphragm relaxes

Question 10

whooping cough

Answer 10

also known as pertussis, a bacterial upper respiratory infection characterized by uncontrollable coughing

Question 11

cystic fibrosis

Answer 11

a genetic disorder that affects both the respiratory and digestive systems

Question 12

asthma

Answer 12

a chronic disorder characterized by episodes of breathing difficulty due to constricted, narrowed, or obstructed airways

Question 13

larynx

Answer 13

the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords, also known as the voice box

Question 14

external respiration

Answer 14

gas exchange between the lungs and the blood

Question 15

epiglottis

Answer 15

a flap of cartilage that covers the trachea while swallowing

Question 16

pneumothorax

Answer 16

air in the pleural cavity causes pressure to build up, preventing the lung from expanding and can cause it to collapse

Question 17

pulmonary embolism

Answer 17

a blood clot becomes lodged in the pulmonary artery, cutting off blood supply and damaging or destroying tissue

Question 18

tachypnea

Answer 18

rapid breathing

Question 19

bradypnea

Answer 19

slow breathing

Question 20

apnea

Answer 20

absence of breath

Question 21

dyspnea

Answer 21

difficulty breathing, shortness of breath

Question 22

acute sinusitis

Answer 22

allergens or infections cause the mucus membranes to swell and become inflamed

Question 23

influenza

Answer 23

also known as the flu, a contagious disease caused by a viral infection of the respiratory tract

Question 24

upper respiratory tract

Answer 24

nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx

Question 25

lower respiratory tract

Answer 25

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs

Question 26

acute bronchitis

Answer 26

infection and inflammation of bronchial airways causing a cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing

Question 27

allergies

Answer 27

a reaction by your immune system to something that does not bother most other people

Question 28

pneumonia

Answer 28

an infection of one or both lungs that can be caused by bacteria, virus, fungus, or inhaling a liquid or chemical

Question 29

COPD

Answer 29

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, usually caused by smoking; has two types - chronic bronchitis and emphysema, both of which cause shortness of breath

Question 30

RPA

Answer 30

right pulmonary artery

Question 31

PFT

Answer 31

pulmonary function test

Question 32

PF

Answer 32

peak flow

Question 33

PPD

Answer 33

purified protein derivative (used for a TB test)

Question 34

CPAP

Answer 34

continuous positive airway pressure

Question 35

NSAID

Answer 35

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug