7 Cardiovascular System

Question 1

arteries

Answer 1

carry blood away from the heart

Question 2

veins

Answer 2

carry blood to the heart

Question 3

blood

Answer 3

liquid connective tissue that transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells, then carries away carbon dioxide and waste products

Question 4

plasma

Answer 4

the largest component of blood, it makes up approximately 55% of blood volume and is 90% water

Question 5

red blood cells

Answer 5

transport oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body

Question 6

hemoglobin

Answer 6

part of a red blood cell, the gas transporting molecule that binds to oxygen

Question 7

white blood cells

Answer 7

also called leukocytes, they defend the body against disease

Question 8

platelets

Answer 8

stop blood loss from damaged vessels by adhering to the wall of the vessel to close the tear

Question 9

pericardium

Answer 9

the sac that encloses and protects the heart

Question 10

heart location

Answer 10

located between the lungs and superior to the diaphragm

Question 11

right atrium

Answer 11

receives oxygen-depleted blood from the body and empties into the right ventricle

Question 12

right ventricle

Answer 12

pumps oxygen-depleted blood to the lungs

Question 13

left atrium

Answer 13

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 14

left ventricle

Answer 14

pumps oxygenated blood to the body

Question 15

coronary arteries

Answer 15

supply blood to the heart muscle

Question 16

heart’s conduction system

Answer 16

regulates the electrical impulses that make the heart beat

Question 17

endocarditis

Answer 17

inflammation of the inner layer of the heart

Question 18

EKG

Answer 18

electrocardiogram, a test that measures the electrical activity of the heart

Question 19

systole

Answer 19

contraction phase of the heartbeat

Question 20

diastole

Answer 20

relaxation phase of the heartbeat

Question 21

capillaries

Answer 21

the smallest of the blood vessels, they are only one cell thick and are where the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products happens

Question 22

angina

Answer 22

chest pain resulting from lack of oxygen to the heart muscle

Question 23

arrhythmia

Answer 23

a problem with the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat

Question 24

tachycardia

Answer 24

fast heart rate

Question 25

bradycardia

Answer 25

slow heart rate

Question 26

coronary artery disease

Answer 26

atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries reduces the blood supply to the heart

Question 27

myocardial infarction

Answer 27

commonly known as a heart attack, blood flow to the heart muscle is decreased because of atherosclerosis or coronary artery disease causing damage to the heart muscle

Question 28

ischemic stroke

Answer 28

a clot blocks blood flow to an area of the brain

Question 29

peripheral vascular disease

Answer 29

decreased blood flow in a lower limb due to a buildup of plaque

Question 30

congestive heart failure

Answer 30

weakened heart contraction leading to fluid in the lungs and swelling in the lower limbs

Question 31

atherosclerosis

Answer 31

cholesterol accumulates on the walls of the arteries, obstructing blood flow

Question 32

aortic aneurysm

Answer 32

a weakening of the wall of the aorta causes it to bulge and possibly rupture, causing internal bleeding

Question 33

ather/o

Answer 33

plaque, fatty substance

Question 34

-poiesis

Answer 34

formation, production

Question 35

sphygm/o

Answer 35

pulse

Question 36

MVP

Answer 36

mitral valve prolapse

Question 37

RHD

Answer 37

rheumatic heart disease

Question 38

AV

Answer 38

atrioventricular

Question 39

SA

Answer 39

sinoatrial node

Question 40

PVC

Answer 40

premature ventricular contraction

Question 41

NSR

Answer 41

normal sinus rhythm