12 Endocrine System Flashcards
hormones
chemicals secreted by the endocrine system to regulate body functions
cells respond to hormones
only if they have receptors for that specific hormone
hypothalamus
master endocrine gland regulating the pituitary and major body functions
anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
produces hormones that regulate growth and reproduction
human growth hormone
stimulates secretion of hormones for growth and metabolism
primary endocrine organs
primary function is hormone secretion
secondary endocrine organs
secrete hormones and have other functions
parathyroid hormone
regulates calcium levels
thyroid gland location
in the neck, anterior to the trachea and inferior to the larynx
adrenal glands
sit above the kidneys, secrete stress hormones
pineal gland
produces melatonin, regulates sleeping patterns
pancreas
secretes hormones that regulate blood glucose levels
ovaries
produce estrogen and progesterone
testes
produce testosterone
kidneys
secrete hormones for red blood cell production and blood pressure
natriuretic peptides
hormones produced by the heart to decrease blood pressure
thymus
produces hormones for immune response
diabetes insipidus
an antidiuretic hormone problem causing extreme urination
gigantism
excess growth hormone in children causes excessive growth
acromegaly
excess growth hormone in adults leads to larger hands, feet, and face
hyperthyroidism
too many thyroid hormones increase metabolism
hypothyroidism
insufficient thyroid hormones cause fatigue and weight gain
follicle-stimulating hormone
stimulates production of ova and sperm
luteinizing hormone
stimulates testosterone production in males and ovulation in females
