7.3 Atherosclerosis

Question 1

arteriosclerosis: 3 types

Answer 1

1. atherosclerosis
2. arteriolosclerosis
3. monkenberg medial sclerosis

Question 2

atherosclerosis

1. Blood Vessel Type
2. rough histology

Answer 2

Medium/ Large Vessels

Intimal thickening

Question 3

arteriolosclerosis

1. Blood Vessel Type
2. rough histology

Answer 3

Small arteries/ very

Hyaline/ Hyperplastic

Question 4

Monkenberg Benign Medial Sclerosis

1. Blood Vessel Type
2. rough histology

Answer 4

medial thickening

muscular arteries

Question 5

plaque

Answer 5

necrotic core with a fibromuscular cap

Question 6

4 common sites of atherosclerosis

Answer 6

1. Internal carotid
2. coronary
3. abdominal
4. popliteal

Question 7

4 modifiable key risk factor

Answer 7

1. smoking
2. hypertension
3. hypercholesterolemia
4. diabetes
   pneumonic: smoke, salt, fat and sugar

Question 8

Fatty Streaks

Answer 8

Plaque precursors found as early as childhood

Question 9

peripheral vascular disease is due to stenosis of

Answer 9

stenosis of the popliteal artery or similar vessel

Question 10

angina is due to stenosis of

Answer 10

the coronary arteries

Question 11

ischemic bowel disease is due to stenosis of

Answer 11

mesenteric artery

Question 12

Complications occur at ___% stenosis

Answer 12

greater than 70%

Question 13

atherosclerotic embolus

Answer 13

an embolus characterized by cholesterol crystals

Question 14

hyaline ateriolosclerosis

Answer 14

morphology: pink hyaline material constricts vessel caliber

arteriolosclerosis caused by proteins leaking into the vessel wall, may cause glomelular scarring

Question 15

Two causes of hyaline arteriolosclerosis

Answer 15

1. benign hypertension

2. diabetes

Question 16

arteriolonephrosclerosis

Answer 16

micro. morph: hyaline build up due to protein leaking
Gross: atrophy

scarring of glomeruli due to hyaline arteriolosclerosis.

Question 17

hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

Answer 17

morph: “onion skinning” from smooth muscles with multiple smooth muscle layers

caused by malignant hypertension

Question 18

fibrinoid necrosis

Answer 18

death of the blood vessel wall

Question 19

“flea bitten” appearance

Answer 19

of the Kidney during acute renal failure (ARF) is due to petechiae

Question 20

monckeberg medial calcific sclerosis

Answer 20

morphology: calcification of media, non-obstructive

it can show up on X-ray as a false positive for cancer