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Biology Year 2 > Population size and ecosystems > Flashcards

Population size and ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of Population

A

An interbreeding group of organisms, of a particular species, in a particular location habitat

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2
Q

What is the definition of Community

A

All of the organisms, of all species, living in one location at one time

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3
Q

What is the definition of ecosystem

A

A characteristic community of interdependent species and their habitat

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4
Q

What is the definition of Habitat

A

The location in which an organism lives

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5
Q

What is the definition of Niche

A

The role of a particular species in its ecosystem, including its microhabitat, feeding and breeding behaviour etc.

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6
Q

what is the definition of ecology

A

The study of how living organisms interact with each other and their environment

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7
Q

What is the definition of Enviroment

A

The physical and biological conditions under which an organism lives

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8
Q

What is the definition of biotic

A

The biological components of an ecosystem

a part of the environment of an organism that is living

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9
Q

what is the definition of abiotic

A

The non-biological components in an ecosystem

a part of the environment of an organism that is non living

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10
Q

what are ecosystems described as

A

dynamic as they are constantly changing

due to changes in
species composition
population sizes
Biological cycles
successional changes 
Energy flow
Light intensity and mineral availability
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11
Q

What are the 6 things that cause an ecosystem to be dynamic

A

species composition

population sizes

Biological cycles

successional changes

Energy flow

Light intensity and mineral availability

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12
Q

What are the population numbers dependent on

A

Birth rate
Death rate
Immigration
Emigration

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13
Q

What circumstance will a population size increase

A

when

Birth rate + immigration > death rate + emigration

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14
Q

what is the correct term when talking about bacteria’s birthrate

A

Reproductive rate

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15
Q

What are the 4 phases of the sigmoid population growth curve

A

lag phase
log phase
stationary phase
Death phase

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16
Q

what is involved during the lag phase

A

initially population does not increase but then there is a period of slow growth

this phase has a very high metabolic activity
(ENZYME SYNTHESIS)

17
Q

lag phase in animals like rabbits who reproduce alot

A

time taken for them to reach sexual maturity so they can properly mate

18
Q

what is involved in the exponential phase

A

numbers increase as long as there inst a limiting factor impacting growth

The rate of reproduction however doesn’t stay constant due to ENVIRONMENTAL RESISTANCE

however other factors also impact the growth rate

such as biotic and abiotic factors

19
Q

what is an environmental resistance

A

refers to environmental factors

20
Q

What is are some examples of environmental factors

A

food available

concentration of waste products becoming toxic

not enough space

21
Q

What is an example of biotic factors

A

predation
parsitism
competition

22
Q

what is an example of abiotic factors

A

temperature and light intensity

23
Q

what is involved in the stationary phase

A

occurs when birthrate = death rate

population has reached its carrying capacity

its not constant fluctuates around carrying capacity

24
Q

what is the definition of carrying capacity

A

the maximum number around which a population fluctuates in a given environment

25
Q

what is involved in the death phase

A

factors that slow population growth at the end of the lag phase become more significant and population size decreases until the death rate is larger than birthrate

this leads to a decline in in population size

26
Q

calculations on pg 67

A

calculations on pg 67

27
Q

what is the birth rate

A

the reproductive capacity of a population, the number of new individuals derived from reproduction per unit of time

28
Q

what is immigration

A

the movement of individuals into a population of the same species

29
Q

what is the equilibrium species

A

species that control their population by competition rather than by reproduction and dispersal

Biology Year 2 (37 decks)

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