7.2 SPECIFIC

Question 1

ANTIGEN

Answer 1

any foreign material that stimulate an immune response in the body

Question 2

antibody

Answer 2

a protein that is produced as a result of the immune response to an antigen

Question 3

humoral immunity

Answer 3

immunity involving the transformation of B lymphocytes into plasma cell that produce and secret antibodies to a specific antigen

Question 4

cell-mediated immunity

Answer 4

immune response that does not involve antibody but involve activation of phagocytes n release of various cytokines in response to an antigen

Question 5

organ of immune system

Answer 5

• thymus
• bone marrow
• lymph nodes
• spleen
• tonsils
• peyer’s patches

Question 6

function immune system

Answer 6

• differentiate between ‘self’ (body’s own cells) n ‘non-self’
• destroy ‘non-self’ (foreign cells)

Question 7

major histocompatibility complex MHC

Answer 7

the marker of group of molecules that place on the outer surface of body’s own cell

Question 8

autoimmune disease

Answer 8

abnormal situation when the immune system attack the body’s own cell

Question 9

main players in the immune response system

Answer 9

lymphocytes

Question 10

two main type of lymphocytes

Answer 10

• T CELLS
• produce in bone marrow then move to thymus where they mature
• involve in cell-mediated response
• B CELLS
  *

Question 11

types of T cells

Answer 11

• helper T cells (CD4)
• cytotoxic T cells / killer T cells (CD8)
• suppressor T cells
• memory T cells

Question 12

helper T cells (CD4)

Answer 12

• activate B cells n killer T cells

Question 13

killer T cells (CD8)

Answer 13

• attack cells of the body infected
• also attack cancer cells
• infected cell release perforin that forms a pore in target cell

Question 14

suppressor T cells

Answer 14

keep the immune system in check, once the infection is controlled, the system is switched off

Question 15

memory T cells

Answer 15

remain after the pathogen have been killed to enabling it to response quickly to future infection

Question 16

B cell

Answer 16

• form in bone marrow, then move to lymphoid organ
• involve in humoral response
• produce antibodies in response to antigen

Question 17

how it work

Answer 17

• the B cells finds an antigen which matches its receptor
• it waits until it is activated by a helper T cell
• the B cell divide to produce plasma cell n memory cell
• plasma cell produce antibodies that attach to the current invaders
• eater cells eat the intruders marked with antibodies
• if the same intruders invade again, memory cell help to activate the immune system much faster

Question 18

specific body defense

Answer 18

antibody
- igA
- igD
- igE
- igG
- igM

Question 19

igA

Answer 19

protects the mucous membrane n internal cavities against infection (provide immunity to infant digestive tract)

Question 20

igE

Answer 20

• causes allergies
• fight against parasitic disease
• found on surface of basophil n mast cell

Question 21

igD

Answer 21

on B cell surface, initiate immune response

Question 22

igM

Answer 22

1st antibody produced during infection. Effective against microbes n agglutinating antigens

Question 23

igG

Answer 23

• enhances phagocytosis, neutralize toxins n viruses
• protects fetus n newborn

Question 24

acquired immunity

Answer 24

active production of antibody

Question 25

innate immunity

Answer 25

the nonspecific first line of defense

Question 26

naturally passive acquired immunity

Answer 26

gain immunity by produce antibodies by another person

Question 27

naturally active acquired immunity