7.1 BODY DEFENSE NON SPECIFIC

Question 1

innate/non specific defense

Answer 1

protect the person against all microorganism

• first line defense
  
  • skin
  • mucous membrane
• second line defense
  
  • phagocytes
  • antimicrobial proteins
  • natural killer cells
  • inflammation
  • fever

Question 2

acquired/specific defense
(3rd line)

Answer 2

directed against identifiable infectious agent

• B n T cells
• antibodies

Question 3

1st line defense

Answer 3

• mechanical n chemical protection

Question 4

2nd line defense

Answer 4

• attack on any microbes that have survived the 1st line defense

Question 5

phagocytes

Answer 5

• phagocytosis
• main type of phagocytes
  
  • neutrophils
  • macrophages
• ad infection, leucocytes ( WBC) increased

Question 6

type of phagocytes

Answer 6

• macrophage
• eosinophils
• neutrophils
• basophils
• mast cell
• monocytes

Question 7

macrophage

Answer 7

• mature from monocytes
• long lived
  
  • wondering macrophages
    ~ migrate to the tissue in search n destroy microbes n cellular debris
  • fixed macrophages
    ~ permanent resident of specific organ in the body

Question 8

neutrophils

Answer 8

• phagocytize bacteria
• short lived

Question 9

eosinophils

Answer 9

• secrete enzymes to kill parasitic worms

Question 10

basophils

Answer 10

• contain granules of toxic chemical
• involves in allergic response

Question 11

mast cell

Answer 11

• contain variety of inflammatory chemicals including HISTAMINE N SEROTONIN.
• cause vasodilation of blood vessel near wound

Question 12

5 steps in phagocytosis

Answer 12

1. chemotaxis
   * recognize the bacteria n move towards it
2. adherence
   * attach to the bacteria
3. ingestion
   * lysosome will form n move toward phagosome contain bacteria
4. digestion
   * lysosome fuse with the bacteria
5. killing
   * microbe is destroy n phagocytic cell dies
   * normal death of a cell known as APOPTOSIS

Question 13

RANDOM

Answer 13

• neutrophils = immune defense
• eosinophils = defense against parasites
• basophil = inflammatory response
• monocyte = immune surveillance
• B lymphocyte = antibody production
• T lymphocyte = cellular immune response

Question 14

natural killer (NK) cells

Answer 14

• lymphocytes that lack membrane molecules that identify T n B cells
• release perforin

Question 15

antimicrobial protein

Answer 15

produce anti-microbial activity n attract dendritic n mast cells

Question 16

function inflammation

Answer 16

• dispose microbes, toxin or foreign material
• prevent spreading to other tissue
• prepare the site for tissue repair
• help restore tissue homeostasis

Question 17

stage of inflammation

Answer 17

• vasodilation
• phagocyte migration
• tissue repair