7.2 Populations Flashcards
define population
group of organisms of the same species occupying a particular space that can interbreed
what is the gene pool
the total number of alleles present in the population
what is the allelic frequency
the proportion of a certain allele in the gene pool relative to the other alleles for that gene
what is the hardy-weinburg principle used for
to estimate the frequency of alleles in a population to see if any changes are occurring over time
what does the hardy-weinburg principle state as long as the conditions are constant
that the allele frequency will not change from one generation to the next
what are the 5 conditions for the hardy Weinberg principle
- No mutations occur
- No movement of alleles in or out of the population due to migration
- Population is suitably large
- there is no selectional advantage (all alleles have equal change of being inherited)
- Mating is random (all genotypes can breed with all others)
What are the two equations
p + q = 1
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 =1
where p is the frequency of the dominant allele and q is the recessive