1.6 ATP

Question 1

What is the full name of ATP

Answer 1

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 2

What does ATP change into and how

Answer 2

ADP when it donates a phosphate group, it the goes to the mitochondria to pick another one up

Question 3

Describe the three parts of ATPs structure

Answer 3

1. Adenine (never cytosine, thymine or guanine)
2. Ribose (never deoxyribose)
3. Phosphate group (three instead of one)

Question 4

Describe the coupled reaction

Answer 4

the inorganic phosphate released during the hydrolysis of ATP can be used to phosphorylate other compounds, often making them more reactive
this is a coupled reaction as the hydrolysis of ATP provides the energy for the other reactions to occur.

Question 5

what are some advantages of ATP

Answer 5

1. instant source of energy
2. releases the energy in manageable amounts as needed
3. it is mobile and transports the chemical energy to where it is needed inside the cell
4. universal energy carrier and can be used in many different chemical reactions
5. only one bond needs to be broken
6. lowers activation energy
7. can be easily made again

Question 6

can ATP be stored

Answer 6

no, so it has to be continuously made within the mitochondria of the cells that need it

Question 7

name some processes in which ATP is used in

Answer 7

1. the metabolic process - ATP provides energy needed to build up molecule from their base unit such as starch from glucose
2. Movement - ATP provides energy for muscle contraction
3. Active transport - ATP provides the energy to change the shape of the carrier proteins in the plasma membranes
4. Secretion - ATP is needed to form lysosomes necessary for the recreation of cell products
5. Activation of molecule - The inorganic phosphate released during the hydrolysis of ATP can be used to phosphorylate other compounds in order to make them more reactive, thus lowering the activation energy.