7.2 Cells of the Nervous System

Question 1

What are the two principal cells of the nervous system?

Answer 1

Neurons and neuroglia

Question 2

Neurons also know as…

Answer 2

Nerve cells

Question 3

A typical neuron is comprised of…

Answer 3

3 parts
Dendrite
Axon
Cell body

Question 4

Dendrites

Answer 4

Short, highly branched processes that extend from the cell body

Question 5

Cell body (soma)

Answer 5

contains most of the organelles
Control Centre

Question 6

Ganglion

Answer 6

A cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

A cluster of cell bodies in the CNS

Question 8

Axon

Answer 8

single long thin process that extends from the cell body
Output
Generates AP and propagates them

Question 9

Axon hillcock

Answer 9

cone shaped region where the axon meets the cell body
Place where AP arise (Trigger zone)

Question 10

Synaptic vesicles

Answer 10

within synaptic bulbs
Contain neurotransmitters

Question 11

Axonal transport

Answer 11

Uses proteins kinesins and dyneins as “motors” to transport materials along the srufaces

Question 12

Anterograde

Answer 12

Forward direction. Involves kinesins
Cell body -> axon terminal