7.1b

Question 1

When did the Yom Kipper war start?

Answer 1

October 1973

Question 2

Describe the events of the Yom Kippur war:

Answer 2

Syria and Egypt made surprise attacks on Israel

Syria and Egypt were armed and supplied by the USSR

Israel were armed and supplied by the USA

Question 3

What was Brezhnev’s reolution to the Yom Kippur war?

Answer 3

A joint US-Soviet Union task force would be on hand to save the Egyptian army from the Israelites

If the US refused, then the Soviets would go on separately

Question 4

What was Nixon’s reaction to Brezhnev’s Yom Kippur suggestion?

Answer 4

Nixon did not want to accept the offer

He was angry at the suggestion of independent action

Nixon put all US forces on alert

Question 5

What was the actual resolution to the Yom Kipper situation?

Answer 5

The US suggested that a UN peacekeeping force of non-nuclear countries intervene in the conflict

Brezhnev accepted this proposal and the war came to an end on:

24^th Octobe 1973

Question 6

When was Nixon’s second visit to Moscow?

Answer 6

July 1974

Question 7

What was agreed on at Moscow by the 2 leaders?

Answer 7

• Continue to remove danger of war
• Limit and eventually end arms race; aim was complete disarmament
• Contribute to elimination of international tension
• Develop broad cooperation; aim was to promote undestanding and confidence between people of the 2 countries

Question 8

When was the space link up?

Answer 8

17^th July 1975

Question 9

What was the Apollo-Soyux mission?

Answer 9

3 US astronauts and 2 Soviet cosmonauts met up in space

The US Apollo spacecraft docked with a Soviet Soyuz one

There was a symbolic handshake

Question 10

When were The Helsinki Agreements?

Answer 10

August 1975

Question 11

What were the Helsinki Agreements?

Answer 11

A product of the success of the Moscow meeting

The US and the USSR, along iwht 33 other nations, made declarations about 3 distinct international issues (AKA baskets)

Question 12

What were the 3 baskets?

Answer 12

• Security
  
  • Recognition of European borders
  • That they are inviolable
• Cooperation
  
  • Call for closer economic, scientific and cultural links
• Human rights
  
  • Each signing country agreed to respect basic human rights, such as freedom of speech and religion

Question 13

Who were the leaders at the Helsinki Accords?

Answer 13

Brezhnev - USSR

Gerald Ford -USA

Question 14

What did Presdent Carter do that upset Soviet authorities?

Answer 14

He sent a letter to the Soviet dissident, Andrei Sakharow

Supporting the stand he was taking against Soviet authorities

Question 15

What did Brezhnev do regarding weapons in Africa?

Answer 15

Despite the Helsinki Agreements, the USSR sent huge amounts of weapons to Angola and Ethiopia

By 1980, 21 other African states had received Soviet weapons

Question 16

Why were the human rights issues an embarrassment for Brezhnev?

Answer 16

Helsinki Groups complained about the USSR’s violations that covered lack of free speech, lack of movement among others.

Question 17

When did SALT II begin?

Answer 17

SALT II began in 1974 and the treaty was signed in June 1979

Question 18

Terms of SALT 11:

Answer 18

• Limit of 2400 strategic nuclear delivery vehicles (ICBMs, SLBMs and heavy bombers) for each side
• A 1320 limit on MIRV systems for each side
• A ban on construction of new land-based ICBM launchers
• Limits on deployment of new types of strategic offensive arms
• SALT II to last until 1985

Question 19

Why did the US senate refuse to ratify SALT II?

Answer 19

When the Soviet Union unexpectedly invaded Afghanistan

Question 20

Why had detente been under pressure?

Answer 20

In late 1979, NATO decided to place long-range missile in Europe

Renewed concern about the 2,000 Soviet troops stationed in Cuba