7.1 Flashcards
What happened in the 6 Day War of 1967?
Israel won with heavy military support from the USA
Arab states were drawn more closely to the Soviet Union
What were the US’ contributions to the Vietnam War?
Military advisers to South Vietnam in the 1950s
Troops to Vietname in 1965
Why was the Vietnam war unpopular in the USA?
The North Vietnamese and the Viet Cong had not been defeated despite the large military presence
There were also high US casualties
When did Nixon become President?
1969
What was the US seeking to do regarding Vietnam?
By 1968, Americ were looking to end the war
Peace talks began in the spring of that year
What did the USA hope to offer Brezhnev to negotiate end to the Vietnam war?
- Irmpoved trade and technology links
- An offer of arms reduction
What was ‘likage’?
The term used by Nixon’s advisers referencing the idea of concessions
When did Nixon visit Moscow?
1972
What did Nixon say at Moscow?
He made it clear that he did not see Vietnam as an obstacle to the process of detente
What were Brezhnev’s motives for improved relations?
- Nixon had visited China 3 months prior to Moscow and Brezhnev did not want to see a US-Chinese alliance develop
- He was also keen to grain access to US technology and further grain sales
- Reduce spending on arms
What did Nixon agree to take part in at Moscow?
The European Security Conference
from which emerged the Helsinkin Agreements
How did Nixon show his commitment to detente?
By making a public declaration with the Soviet Union
When was peace between the US and North Vietnam signed?
1973
What role did Brezhnev play in Vietnam peace?
He played the part of intermediary between Washington and Hanoi
Why were attempts to limit the arms race ‘attractive’?
- Idea of ‘linkage’
- Move to detente
- Economic problems in the USSR
What talks happened before SALT 1 and what time period were they over?
Vienna and Helsinki
Over a period of almost 3 years
What does SALT stand for?
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
When was SALT 1 signed?
May 1972
Agreements on SALT 1:
- Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM) system allowed at only 2 sited
- Each site containing 100 missiles
- ABM system were designed to detect, track, intercept and destroy attacking ICBMS
- Agreement on Offensive Arms
- A 5 year freeze on the total number of ICBMs and submarine-lauched ballistic missiles (SLBM) lauchers
- THESE POLICIES ENCOURAGED MAD
Limitations of SALT 1:
- Number of strategic bombers and the bombs that each side had were not limited
- No restrictions on MIRVs
- Mulitiple independently targetable re-entry vehicles
- Each side could use satellites to check the other was not breaking the arms limit
