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OP - Yield > 7 viral infections > Flashcards

7 viral infections Flashcards

1
Q

herpes on shaved face

A

herpes barbae

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2
Q

abraded areas in wrestlers herpes

A

herpes gladiatorum/scrumpox

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3
Q

diffuse herpes infection in pts with chronic skin dzz: which dzz and whats the name

A 
eczema herpeticum (Kaposi's varicelliform eruption)
diffuse HSV infection in pts with pemphigs, Darier's and eczema
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4
Q

characteristic varicella skin lesions

A

vesicles surrounded by erythema

dewdrop on a rose petal

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5
Q

eczema herpeticum (Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption)

A

diffuse HSV infection in pts with pemphigs, Darier’s and eczema

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6
Q

zoster without rash

A

zoster sine herpete

pain without vesciels in prodromic zoster

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7
Q

pain without vesciels in prodromic zoster

A

zoster sine herpete

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8
Q

dewdrop on a rose petal)

A

varicella rash

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9
Q

herpes barbae

A

shaved face

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10
Q

facial paralysis, hearing loss, vertigo

A

ramsay hunt

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11
Q

chronic fatigue syndrome infx

A

mononucleosis

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12
Q

paul-bunnel heterophil Ab

A

Ig that agglutinate sheep erythrocytes in mono

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13
Q

Ig that agglutinate sheep erythrocytes in mono

A

paul-bunnel heterophil Ab

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14
Q

3 enterovirus dzz

A

hand foot mouth
herpangina
acute lymphonodular pharyngitis

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15
Q

measles aka and cause

A

rubeola, 9 day measles

paramyxovirus

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16
Q

rubeola

A

measles

paramyxovirus

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17
Q

measles 3 symptoms

A

coryza cough conjunctivitis

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18
Q

koplik spots

A

measles
erythema with blue/white macules (grains of salt on red background)

syncytial giant cells

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19
Q

erythema with blue/white macules (grains of salt on red background)

A

measles

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20
Q

rubella aka and cause

A

german measles

Togavirus (rubivirus)

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21
Q

congenital rubella

A

deafness, heart disease, cataracts

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22
Q

forchheimer’s sign

A

rubella

small dark red papule on soft palate extending into hard palate

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23
Q

testicle involvement which virus

A

mumps

epididymoorchitis

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24
Q

acute self limited viral syndrome

A

nonspecific signs after HIV contact, last a few weeks

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25
Q

AIDS related complex

A

candida, herpes, hairy leukoplakia, LAD

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26
Q

AIDS dementia complex

A

CNS involvement + other indx (eg TB, CMV)

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27
Q

DILS

A

diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome: increased NHL risk, 2/2 CD8 infiltration

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28
Q

other name for herpetic whitlow

A

herpetic paronychia

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29
Q

ballooning degeneration

A

nuclear clearing and enlargement in viral infections

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30
Q

acantholytic epithelial cells, free floating

A

Tzanck

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31
Q

risk of benzocaine in children

A

methemoglobinemia

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32
Q

methemoglobinemia increased iatrogenic risk

A

benzocaine in children

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33
Q

varicella latency site

A

dorsal spinal ganglia

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34
Q

oral varicella site

A

vermilion bordr and palate

white vesicles –> rupture

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35
Q

gingival involvement varicella vs herpes

A

varicella relatively painless

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36
Q

mnost common complication of varicella in children

A

skin infections

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37
Q

most common complicatin of varicella in adults

A

pneumonitits

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38
Q

phasees of zozter

A

prodrome, acute (vesicles), chronic (post-herpeitc neuralgia)

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39
Q

zoster most common site

A

66% thoracic dermatome

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40
Q

oral zoster spectrum

A

white opaque vesicels that rupture

bone necrosis with loss of teeth 2/2 blood vessel damage

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41
Q

zoster on tip of nose

A

nasociliary branch of trigeminal nerve

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42
Q

post herpatic neuralgia how common

A

15%, 1-6 months after rash

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43
Q

mononucleosis presentation

A

fever, prominent cervical LAD, oropharyngeal tonsillar enlargement, soft palatal petechiae
NUG like lesions

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44
Q

CMV histo

A

owl eye (PAS and GMS +) in vascular endothelium and salivary ductal epithelium

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45
Q

tx for CMV

A

ganciclovir; foscarnet 2nd line

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46
Q

CMV oral

A 
acute sialadenitis (xerostomia, swelling, pain)
chornic ulcerations (often coinf with HSV)
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47
Q

enteroviruses h&n patterns

A

herpangina: 2-6 lesions (vesicles then ulcers) in posterior soft palate
hand foot mouth: 1-30 lesions (vesciles then ulcers) not confined to posterior mouth
Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis: 1-5 nodules (lymphoid aggregates), no vesiculation or ulceration

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48
Q

measles aka and cause

A

aka rubeola aka 9 day measles

paramyxovirus Morbillivirus

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49
Q

measles classic presentation

A

3Cs: cough, cnjunctivitis (1 stage), rash (2 stage); rash and fever subside (3 stage)

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50
Q

koplik spots where when what

A

measles
erythema w small blue/white macules (grains of salt on red background)
foci of epithelial necrosis
1 stage of measles

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51
Q

oral presentation of measles

A

koplik spots

candidiasis, NUG and necrotizing stomatitis (if malnourished)

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52
Q

neuro complication of measles

A

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

personality changes, seizures, coma, death

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53
Q

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

A

after measles

personality changes, seizures, coma, death

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54
Q

measles histo

A

syncytial giant cells, Warthin Finkeldey giant cells (multinucleated giant lymphocytes)

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55
Q

multinucleated giant lymphcytes

A

Warthin Finkeldey in measles

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56
Q

rubella aka and cause

A

aka german measles aka 3 day measles

togavirus (rubivirus)

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57
Q

congenital rubella

A

deafness, heart dz, cataracts

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58
Q

mumps cause and classic look

A 
paramyxovirus (rubulavirus)
SG enlargement (75% bilateral, usually parotid)
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59
Q

most common findings in mumps (2)

A 
SG enlargement (75% bilateral, usually parotid)
epididymoorchitis (testicle involvmenet in 25% pts)
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60
Q

intraoral mumps

A

swelling/redness of whartons and stensens duct, enlargement of FOM

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61
Q

normal and HIV CD4/CD8 ratio

A

normal 0.9-1.9

HIV more CD8

62
Q

initial HIV infx

A

asymptomatic or acute response (50-70%, 1-6 weeks, ~ mononucleosis, lasts a few weeks then asymptomatic period)

63
Q

AIDS related complex

A

chronic fever, weight loss, diarrhea, oral candidiasis, zoster, OHL
after acute response bu before overt AIDS

64
Q

overt AIDS

A

ARC (AIDS related complex) + opportunistic infections (50% pneumonia; also CMV, HSV, fungal, toxo)

65
Q

opportunistic infections in overt AIDS

A

(50% pneumonia; also CMV, HSV, fungal, toxo)

66
Q

best marker for transition to AIDS

67
Q

AIDS dementia complex

A

CNS invovlement - progressive encephalopathy

68
Q

oral manifestations assoc w HIV

A

candidiasis, hairy leukplakia, Kaposi, NHL, periodontal dz (NUG, NUP, linear gingival erythema, pain)

69
Q

OHL histo

A

balloon cells and nuclear beading (peripheral margination of chromatin)

70
Q

balloon cells and peripheral margination of chromatin

71
Q

most common opportunistic viral pathogen in AIDS

72
Q

lymphadenopathy in AIDS

A

present >3 months, involves 2+ extra inguinal sites

persistent and generalized

73
Q

2nd most common malignancy in AIDS

A

NHL
60x greater chance
CNS most common site

74
Q

hyperpigmentation in AIDS where and why

A

skin, nails, mucosa

meds, adrenal gland destruction, idiopathic

75
Q

HIV associated salivary gland dz

A

parotid enlargement (60% bilateral) = LAD
looks like BLEL
multiple epithelium lined cystic spaces w reactive lymphoid stroma

p24 core Ag of HIV can be shown in dendritic cells

76
Q

DILS in AIDS what is and risks;
progression
treatment

A 
diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome
increased NHL risk 
2/2 CD8 infiltration
--> lymphoepithelial cyst formation
can affect lyung
tx: prednisone
77
Q

HSV in AIDS

A

same prevalence but widespread, atypical, and longer duration

78
Q

HPV in HIV

A

additional variants: 7 *butcher’s wart and 32 (Heck’s)

79
Q

most commno fungal infx in HIV

A

histoplasmosi

80
Q

aphthae in HIV

A

more – herpetiform and major

81
Q

HSV genome

A

dsDNA, linear, enveloped. 4 layers

82
Q

Pox genome

A

largest dsDNA

83
Q

Hep B genome

A

smallest DNA, not a full ds (one shorter)

84
Q

adenovirus genome

A

largest dsDNA nonenveloped

85
Q

HPV genome

A

dsDNA circular non enveloped

86
Q

Hep A genome

A

ssRNA linear nonenveloped

87
Q

Hep C genome

A

+ssRNA enveloped

88
Q

Hep D genome

A

ssRNA circular enveloped (needs Hep B)

89
Q

hep E genome

A

+ssRNA non enveloped

90
Q

paramyxovirus genome

A

-ssRNA non segmented

91
Q

enterovirus genome

92
Q

polio genome

A

+ssRNA non enveloped, simple

enterovirus

93
Q

HIV genome

A

ssRNA spherical enveloped (p24)

94
Q

SARS genome

95
Q

west nile river virus genome

96
Q

HSV layers

A

Core: dsDNA
Capsisd: capsomeres
Tegument: viral enzymes
Envelope

97
Q

EM and HSV

A

Core: dsDNA
Capsisd: capsomeres
Tegument: viral enzymes
Envelope

98
Q

HSV and HIV

A

 HSV 2 is associated with a 2 fold increase in HIV

99
Q

poss conifections in HSV ulcers

100
Q

tzanck cells what and where

A 
Free floating epithelial cells
 HSV
 VZV
 Pemphigus
warty dyskeratoma
101
Q

rash spread in varicella

A

begins on facce and trunk, then spreds to extremities

102
Q

wild type varicella in immunized pt

A

breakthrough infx

103
Q

oral and skin lesions in varicella

A

perioral and oral fairly common, precede skin lesions

104
Q

frequency of oral involvement in varicella

105
Q

complications of VZV in children and adults

A

Complication in children : 2ry skin infections

 Complication in adults: Pneumonitis

106
Q

hutchinson sign in zoster

A

Lesions on tip of nose indicate involvement of nasociliary branch of trigeminal

107
Q

zoster esions on tip of nose

A

indicate involvement of nasociliary branch of trigeminal

hutchinson sign

108
Q

chronic phase of zoster

A

postherpetic neuralgia
Persistent pain after resolution of rash 1-3 m ( minimum)
 Resolution 2m-1yr ( rare 20 yrs)

109
Q

postherpetic neuralgia how soon and how long

A

Persistent pain after resolution of rash 1-3 m ( minimum)

 Resolution 2m-1yr ( rare 20 yrs)

110
Q

reye syndrome

A

viral infx + aspirin

111
Q

viral infx + aspirin

A

reye syndrome

112
Q

ramsey hunt syndrome aka

A

(Nervus Intermedius Neuralgia / Geniculate Neuralgia

113
Q

rash in ramsey hunt

A

skin of ear / external auditory canal (EAC)

114
Q

ramsey hunt classic presentation

A

Acute peripheral facial neuropathy
 Rash on skin of ear / external auditory canal (EAC)
 Loss of taste buds in ant 2/3
 Ipsilateral facial paralysis , hearing deficit, vertigo

115
Q

ramsey hunt ganglion

A

geniculate

116
Q

EBV causes what? (x6)

A

Oral Hairy Leukoplakia (OHL)
 Burkitt Lymphoma
 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC)
 Salivary Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma (SLEC)
 Gastric, breast, and hepato carcinoma
 Mononucleosis;Mono;Glandular fever;kissing disease

117
Q

classic mono and cause

A

Fever/ fatigue/anorexia
Bilateral Lymphadenopathy
Oropharyngeal tonsillar enlargement

EBV and CMV

118
Q

EBV vs CMV mono

A

CMV mono - Heterophil AB negative (vs EBV mono)

119
Q

clinical symptoms of EBV

A 
 Fever
 Lymphadenopathy
 Pharyngitis
 Hepatosplenomegaly
 Rhinitis / cough
120
Q

common intraoral of EBV mono

121
Q

chronic fatigue syndrome main symptoms and poss association

A

profound fatigue >6 m, Pharyngitis main symptom

poss EBV

122
Q

establish dx of EBV mono

A

Paul-Bunnell test and rapid slide agglutination (monospot)

123
Q

latency site for CMV

A

SG / endothelium/ macrophages / lymphocytes

124
Q

EBV aka

125
Q

CMV aka

126
Q

HHV5 aka

127
Q

HHV4 aka

128
Q

CMV to baby routes

A

Pass placenta, during delivery, during breast feeding

129
Q

symptomatic CMV infx frequecncy

A

 90% of CMV are asymptomatic

130
Q

CMV effect on teeth

A

Tooth defect such as enamel hypoplasia, attrition, yellow coloration

131
Q

roseola cause and other names

A

(exanthema subitum 6th disease )

most often caused by HHV6 but can occur with HHV7

132
Q

HHV 6 causes what

133
Q

HHV 7 causes what

134
Q

exanthema subitum what is

A

roseola, 6th dz

HHV6 and 7

135
Q

6th dz what is

A

roseola, exanthema subitum

HHV 6 and 7

136
Q

which entoriviruses cause herpangina

A

Cox A1-A6, A8, A10, A22; Found in palate and tonsil

137
Q

which entoriviruses cause hand foot mouth

A

Cox A16 most common

 entero 71 (asia-pacific)

138
Q

Beau lines

A

nail loss or ridges

hand foot mouth dz

139
Q

where intraorally HFM dz

140
Q

acute lymphonodular pharyngitis cause

141
Q

rubeola vs rubella aka and duration

A

Rubeola (measles) = 9 days measles

Rubella ( German measles)=3 days measles

142
Q

rubeola vs rubella type of virus

A

ribeola paramyxovirus, rubella togavirus

143
Q

3Cs which virus and what is

A

measles

coryza, cough, conjunctivitis

144
Q

koplik spots

145
Q

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

A

delayed complication after initial measles

146
Q

congenital rubella

A

deafness (most common), heart disease, cataracts

147
Q

rubeola vs rubella oral signs

A

rubeola (measles) - koplik

rubella - Forscheimer sign

148
Q

paramyxovirus 3 dzz (one obscure)

A

mumps, measles, pagets

149
Q

acute rertoviral syndrome how long and like what, how often

A

Acute phase of HIV, 1-6 wks after exposure, resembles mono (70%
of patients)

150
Q

AIDS related complex (ARC)

A

chronic fever, weight loss, diarrhea, oral candida, HSV, OHL

151
Q

AIDS dementia complex

A

progressive encephalopathy / neurological problems

152
Q

Immune reconstruction syndrome:

A

worsening of HIV/AIDS with cART

OP - Yield (19 decks)

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