(7) Values

Question 1

What are values?

Answer 1

What is important to people in their lives, basic motivation

Question 2

What are some Background variables of values?

Answer 2

age, education, culture

Question 3

What are some Attitudes of values?

Answer 3

towards political and policy issues

Question 4

What are some Preferences of values?

Answer 4

political, university major, group identification

Question 5

What are some Behaviours of values?

Answer 5

political, environmental, health, delinquency, alcohol use

Question 6

What is the bleed over effect?

Answer 6

Adjacent values in the circle have similar relations to any attitude or behaviour

Question 7

What did Dollinger and Kobayshi, 2003 find?

Answer 7

problematic alcohol use positively related both to hedonism and stimulation values

Question 8

What is the seesaw effect?

Answer 8

An attitude or behaviour that positively relates to one value is often negatively related to the conflicting values

Question 9

What did Knafo et al., 2008 find?

Answer 9

Adolescents’ self-reported violence positively related to power values and negatively to universalism values

Question 10

What did Schwartz, 2005 find?

Answer 10

Correlations between Values and Education

Question 11

What was Pakizeh, Gebauer & Mario, 2007 methodology?

Answer 11

1. Complete value questionnaire
2. Rate importance of one value
3. Rate importance of another value (measure response time)

Question 12

What did Pakizeh, Gebauer & Mario, 2007 find?

Answer 12

Faster ratings if second value appeared after value based on a similar or conflicting motivation, effect was not due to content similarity

Question 13

What was Schwart’s SVS (1992) include?

Answer 13

List of values, rate how important is (1-7)

• EQUALITY (equal opportunity for all)
• SUCCESSFUL (achieving goals)

Question 14

What is a PVQ (Schwartz et al., 1999)

Answer 14

Rating statements from 1-9 and how much you agree with them

Question 15

The Schwartz Value Best Worst Survey task (SVBWS; Lee, Soutar & Louviere, 2008)

Answer 15

For each subset of value types, respondents are asked to pick the most and least important values that guide their lives.

Question 16

What are the 3 most important values in the UK (2006/7)

Answer 16

1. Benevolence
2. Universalism
3. Self-direction

Question 17

What did Schwartz and Rubel, 2005 find out about women’s values?

Answer 17

Women are more involved in benevolence and universalism

Question 18

What did Schwartz and Rubel, 2005 find out about Mens values?

Answer 18

Men will value self-direction, stimulation, hedonism, pleasure, achievement and power

Question 19

What are sex differences caused by?

Answer 19

Evolution

Question 20

What did Bardi and Schwartz, 2003 find?

Answer 20

Correlations between values and behaviour that express self-direction values

Question 21

What two values were strongest? Bardi and Schwartz, 2003

Answer 21

Tradition and stimulation: strongest

Question 22

What two values were weakest? Bardi and Schwartz, 2003

Answer 22

Conformity and benevolence: weakest

Question 23

Bardi, Buchanan, Goodwin, Slabu and Robinson 2014 found what subject valued power?

Answer 23

Power was valued higher among psychology students compared to business students

Question 24

What did Boer et al, 2011 find?

Answer 24

people are more attracted to those with similar music taste partly b/c they think they share the same values (online survey)

Question 25

What did Boer et al, 2011 find in real life?

Answer 25

Also found in real life: roommates with similar music taste, perceived value similarity & liked each other more.

Question 26

What did Doring, Makarova, Herzog and Bardi, 2017 find?

Answer 26

Similarities to parents and children values, those who value self-transcendence they form closer relationships with their children