(4) Jung Flashcards
What was Jung interested in?
Interested in the manifestations of psychological nature in myths, dreams and culture
What does the word association test uncover?
Identifies complexes – thoughts and feelings clustered together
When using the word association test, what type of responses uncover complexes?
Slow/fast responses, repeating words, not responding
What did Jung believe about Schizophrenia?
Believed patients had visions and dreams about mandalas, used art therapy to treat
What is the personal UCS?
the UCS involves the personal UCS: repressed material which may be painful or primitive, neglected material and material which has lost energy or value
How does the collective UCS differ from the personal?
The collective UCS, more significant than the personal UCS: hallucinations, dreams, drawings of schizophrenia
What three components does Jung believe the psyche is made up of?
ego, personal unconscious, collective unconscious
How is Jung’s idea of the libido differ from Freud’s?
Life force plus driving force, non-sexual, can be applied to the continuous psychological growth of the person
How does Jung’s nature of analysis differ to Freud’s?
Less analysis of transference, individuation, not ‘cure’, treating middle age people
How does Jung explain mental illness?
Psyche being blocked, unable to express yourself – explains mental illness
Where do dreams stem from?
Dreams stem from both personal UCS and collective UCS
What is amplification?
identifying significant symbols in dreams and focusing in on them to explore possible meanings
What are Jung’s 4 stages of therapy?
- Confession
- Elucidation (nature of the problem)
- Education
- Transformation (achieve balance and self-realisation)
What is the idea of psychological reality?
Significant, heavily-invested beliefs, have a quality of truth, no concern with ‘objective truth’
What is Synchronicity?
Meaningful coincidences, two events must occur independently of each other i.e. two events have their own causality but they are not causally related to each other, only in combination they have meaning to that person
What are Archetypes?
Collective unconscious, generalised idea represented in myths, popular culture, dreams, how to respond to certain things, predisposition to react in certain ways
What is a persona?
conscious, mask or role that we adopt to help us deal with other people
What is a shadow?
unconscious, hidden side, consisting or repressed material in our PS and universal images of evil from CS (uncontrollable anger, psychosomatic pain)
What is an Anima?
female component of the male psyche, causes men to have feminine traits & provides framework within which men interact with women
What is an Animus?
masculine component of female psyche, cause women to have masculine traits and provides framework within which women interact with men
What is extroversion in the terms of the psyche?
psyche more interested in the external world
What is introversion in the terms of the psyche?
psyche is interested in the inner of the person
What is Sensation?
getting information through our senses
What is institution (perception)?
both irrational functions
What is Thinking (more rational, logical)?
feeling (evaluating emotional responses)
What does it mean if one function of psychological types are more dominant?
One function can be dominant, in that case the polar opposite will be least developed
What is self-realisation?
Self-realisation is the harmonious blending of the many forces within the psyche
What is individuation?
Individuation is the lifelong process of the psychological maturity, brings the person in touch with his/her UCS
What skills develop in Childhood (birth to adolescence)?
survival skills and sexual activities
What skills develop in Young adulthood (from adolescence to about 40)?
learning a vocation, family, community life
What skills develop in Middle age (40+)?
transforms person from energetic, extroverted and biologically oriented person to one with cultural, philosophical and spiritual values
What did Myers & McCaulley (1985) find?
College students’ subject preference showed some relationship to Jungian types
What did Ryckman (1992) find?
some support for the typology and the MBTI. Little investigation of other aspects of the theory
What did Cann & Donderi (1986) find?
Neurotics less in touch with collective UCS - fewer archetypal dreams
What did Carlson (1980) find?
significant memories of introverts and extraverts
What did Lorr (1991) find?
weak correspondence between MBTI typology and cluster analysis
What did Pittinger (1993) find?
weak support for MBTI using a range of validation procedures
What did Berry et al (1998) investigate?
whether there an unconscious association between eating related psychopathology and psychosexual development
What did Berry et al (1998) find with neutral and emotive words?
Neutral & emotive words: word-association times similar for all three groups
What did Berry et al (1998) find with food related words?
Food-related words: anorexics slower than others
What did Berry et al (1998) find with psychosexual words?
Psychosexual words: anorexics slower than bulimics who were slower than controls.
What are general evaluation points of Jung?
- Jung doesn’t describe how personality develops in detail
- Complex and mystical
- Concepts difficult to define and test
- Spiritual concerns and religion has had an impact on many disciplines
