#7 u3aos1 - transactional model (ch4d)

Question 1

appraisal
3 marks

Answer 1

process of categorising an event on the basis of
it’s percieved significance
and how is may effect our wellbeing.

Question 2

who made the transactional model?
2 marks

Answer 2

Richard Lazarus
Susan Folkman
Lazarus + Folkman also count.

Question 3

transactional model
3 marks

Answer 3

a model of stress that suggests a stress reponse is only generated is an event is
perceived to exceed our ability to cope
and is based on the appraisal (interpretation) of the situation

Question 4

What does the transactional model state…
4 marks

Answer 4

if there is an imbalance between
- appraisal of demands of a situation (primary appraisal)
- appraisal of their abulity to cope with those demands (secondary appraisal)
then the individual will experience stress

Question 5

is the primary and secondary appraisal subjective of objective
1 mark

Answer 5

subjective

Question 6

primary appraisal
2 marks

Answer 6

evaluation of the significance of the situation or stressor

Question 7

4 types of primary appraisal evaluations
4 marks

Answer 7

• harm/loss
• challenge
• threat
• irrelevant

Question 8

harm/loss
1 mark

Answer 8

some type of damage has already been caused by the situation/stressor

Question 9

challenge
1 mark

Answer 9

there is potential in the situation/stressor to lead to personal gain or growth

Question 10

threat
1 mark

Answer 10

harm/loss is able to occur in the future

Question 11

irrelevant
1 mark

Answer 11

there is little to no relevacnce to the individual

Question 12

secondary appraisal
2 marks

Answer 12

evaluation of the coping options and resources that are available
to help us deal with the stressor/situaton

Question 13

two types of evaulations during secondary appraisal
2 marks

Answer 13

internal resources
external resources

Question 14

internal resources
2 marks

Answer 14

perosnal strength
determination

Question 15

external resources
2 marks

Answer 15

financial resources
support from family and friends

Question 16

when does a ‘reappraisal’ occur
1 mark

Answer 16

when the circumstances surroudning the stressor/situation changes

Question 17

When does a stress response occur in this model?
1 mark

Answer 17

during the secondary appraisal when the coping resources are not adequate.

Question 18

strengths of the transactional model
4 marks

Answer 18

• focuses on the psychological process making it voluntary unlike the GAS model focusing on the biological aspect of stress.
• emphasies on the subjectiveness and how the response can vary from one person to another
• considers how stressors and circumstances can change overtime as well as our evaluations of the situation
• model was developed in term sof human behaviour and observations instead of being tested on animals (rats)

Question 19

weaknesses of the transactional model
4 marks

Answer 19

• real experiments cannot be conducted as it will be unethical to purposely put individuals under stressful situations.
• no recognition is given to the biological factors.
• psychologists suggest that primary and secondary appraisals occur simultaneously
• psychologists suggest that individuals can have stress responses without being consciously aware of it’s origin (beginning). So we do not need to make an assessment in order to feel stressed