7. Role of Dental Calculus and Local Predisposing Factors

Question 1

3

What is the primary cause of gingival inflammation in a susceptible host?

Question 2

3

What are 6 local predisposing (secondary) factors to gingival inflammation?

Question 3

4

What is the definition of calculus?

Question 4

5

What color is supragingival calculus?

Question 5

5

What are the two most common areas for supragingival calculus to form?

Question 6

6

Why are the buccals of maxillary molars prone to supragingival calculus?

Question 7

6

Why are the linguals of mandibular incisors prone to supragingival calculus?

Question 8

6

What is the source of mineralization for supragingival calculus?

Question 9

7

What color is subgingival calculus?

Question 10

7

Is subgingival calculus firmly attached?

Question 11

7

When may subgingival calculus become supragingival?

Question 12

8

Removal of subgingival plaque and calculus leads to gains in ______ because removal reduces ______ and _____.

Question 13

9

What does location of calculus on a radiograph NOT indicate?

Question 14

10

What percent of calculus is inorganic?

Question 15

10

What are the components of inorganic calculus? Which is the largest component and which is seen in trace amounts?

Question 16

10

What are four crystalline structures that help make up inorganic calculus? Which is the most common?

Question 17

11

What type of calculus are salivary proteins found in?

Question 18

11

What are the four organic components of calculus?

Question 19

12

Where does calculus attach to on the tooth surface?

Question 20

12

What are two examples of surface irregularities that calculus can mechanically lock to on the tooth?

Question 21

12

Can calculus adapt to cementum?

Question 22

12

Can calculus penetrate cementum?

Question 23

13

Calculus is plaque that has undergone minerlization. When does mineralization start?

Question 24

13

Plaque hardens through precipitation of crystalline ________ salts.

Question 25

14

Separate foci of calcification increase in size and coalesce to form _____ of calculus.

Question 26

14

Does mineralization of plaque generally start intra or extracellularly?

Question 27

14

Do some organisms calcify intracellularly?

Question 28

15

pH is elevated by ___ and ____ produced by bacteria in plaque.

Question 29

15

How does a rise in pH affect proteins?

Question 30

16

What is the source of mineralizatioin for supragingival calculus?

Question 31

16

What is the source of mineralization for subgingival calculus?

Question 32

17

What ingredient does anti-tartar toothpaste contain?

Question 33

17

Is sodium pyrophosphate soluble or insoluble?

Question 34

17

What will be attracted to sodium pyrophosphate in anti-tartar toothpaste? What compound will form in stead of calculus?

Question 35

18

Calculus is covered by a layer of ______.

Question 36

19

What is an example of an iatrogenic factor contributing to gingival inflammation?

Question 37

21

What are three perio-related things that partial removable dental prostheses increase?

Question 38

23

Prominent roots of teeth in buccal or lingual version with small quantities of attached gingiva are susceptible to gingival recession. What may happen if orthodontics are used?

Question 39

24

Complications associated with orthodontics may have what effect on the gingiva?

Question 40

25-27

What are three examples of a self-inflicting injury to the gums?

Question 41

26

Chewing tobacco is associated with _____.

Question 42

26

Oral jewelry is associated with _____, ______, _____, and ______.