4. Biofilm and Periodontal Microbiology

Question 1

6

What is the primary habitat for periopathogens?

Question 2

6

What are two bacteria that decrease in quantity after a full-mouth tooth extraction?

Question 3

10

What is a biofilm?

Question 4

10

Can biofilm be removed by risning or spraying?

Question 5

11

What is the term for the soft accumulation of food, bacteria, and tissue cells?

Question 6

13

Describe the oxidation-reduction potential of the subgingival microbiota.

Question 7

11

Can material alba be removed by water spray?

Question 8

13

Is the sublingual microbiota an aerobic or anaerobic environement?

Question 9

13

What creates the anaerobic environment of subgingival microbiota?

Question 10

15

The biofilm is an _______ of mature plaque?

Question 11

15

In biofilm, microcolonies are distributed in a shaped matrix known as a ______.

Question 12

15

What runs through the plaque mass in the biofilm?

Question 13

15

What does the biofilm act as to bring nutrients to bacteria?

Question 14

What is the name for the free-floating bacteria that are not in an organized biofilm?

Question 15

17

Are planktonic bacteria more or less susceptible to antibiotics?

Question 16

18

The biofilm retains substances produced by bacteria and ____ them.

Question 17

18

The biofilm fosters ________ among different bacterial species.

Question 18

18

Is the biofilm more or less resistant to antibiotics?

Question 19

19

What must happen to the biofilm in order for antibiotics to be effective?

Question 20

19

What is a way to disturb the biofilm?

Question 21

20

What are the 3 general steps for the formation of the dental biofilm?

Question 22

20

What does the pellicle have receptor sites for?

Question 23

21

The pellicle is a _____ derived layer

Question 24

21

What three molecules does the pellicle have?

Question 25

21

How long after a prophy is the pellicle deposited?

Question 26

22

What are the 5 primary colonizer species of bacteria?

Question 27

24

What does surface micro-roughness facilitate?

Question 28

24

What are two examples of surface micro-roughness?

Question 29

25

The nonspecific plaque hypothesis says that periodontal disease results from accumulation of ____ over time, eventual diminished _______, and increased susceptibility with ______.

Question 30

26

What does the specific plaque hypothesis say?

Question 31

27

What is the name for the plaque hypothesis that says that BOTH the total amount of dental biofilm and the specific microbial composition are importannt in disease?

Question 32

31

Periodontitis is the result of _____ in microbiota?

Question 33

32

How do you return to microbial homeostasis?

Question 34

33

What is the Community as a Pathogen Hypothesis for periodontitis?

Question 35

34

Is P. gingivalis a potent stand-alone inducer of inflammation?

Question 36

34

How does the presence of P. gingivalis in the microbial biofilm elevate the pathogenicity?

Question 37

37

What are four bacteria seen in health pus?

Question 38

38

What is the organism associated with pregnancy-associated gingivitis?

Question 39

40

What is the main bacteria involved in molar/incisor pattern periodontitis?

Question 40

42

There is a shift from ______ organisms in healthy gums to _____ organisms in periodontitis?

Question 41

44

What is the term for the inflammatory process around a dental implant resulting in loss of bone?

Question 42

46

Is A. actinomycetemcomitans gram positive or gram negative?

Question 43

46

Is A. actinomycetemcomitans motile or nonmotile?

Question 44

46

What are 4 virulence factors for A. actinomycetemcomitans?

Question 45

46

Lipopolysaccharide is an endotoxin involved in _______.

Question 46

46

What antibody does protease cleave?

Question 47

47

Is Tannerella forsythia gram positive or gram negative?

Question 48

47

Is Tannerella forsythia an anaerobe or aerobe?

Question 49

47

Is Tannerella forsythia motile or non-motile?

Question 50

47

What are two virulence factors for Tannerella forsythia?

Question 51

48

Is P. gingivalis gram positive or gram negative?

Question 52

48

Is P. gingivalis an obligate anaerobe or aerobe?

Question 53

48

Is P. gingivalis motile or non-motile?

Question 54

48

What are 5 virulence factors of P. gingivalis?

Question 55

49

Is Prevotella intermedia gram negative or positive?

Question 56

49

Is Prevotella intermedia a strict an aerobe or anaerobe?

Question 57

49

Is prevotella intermedia motile or non-motile?

Question 58

49

Is prevotella intermedia more or less virulent than P. gingivalis?

Question 59

49

How does prevotella intermedia appear on blood agar?

Question 60

50

Is campylobacter rectus gram negative or gram positive?

Question 61

50

Is campylobacyter rectus an anaerobe or aerobe?

Question 62

50

Is campylobacter rectus motile or nonmotile?

Question 63

50

What is a virulence factor of campylobacter rectus?

Question 64

51

Is fusobacterium nucleatum gram positive or negative?

Question 65

51

Is fusobacterium nucleatum an aerobe or an anaerobe?

Question 66

51

What is the virulence factor for fusobacterium nucleatum?

Question 67

52

Is parvimonas micra gram positive or gram negative?

Question 68

52

Is parvimonas micra an anaerobe or aerobe?

Question 69

53

Is eubacterium nodatum gram positive or negative?

Question 70

53

Is eubacterium nodatum an obligate anaerobe or aerobe?

Question 71

54

Are spirochettes gram positive or negative?

Question 72

54

Are spirochetes motile or nonmotile?

Question 73

54

What are three virulence factors of spirochetes?

Question 74

55

What type of bacteria is Eikenella corrodens?

Question 75

55

Is Eikenella corrodens gram negative or gram positive?

Question 76

55

Is Eikenella corrodens aerobic or anaerobic?

Question 77

56

What are three viruses associated with periodontal pockets?

Question 78

57

What is the name for a substrate utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit?

Question 79

57

How does Arginine affect the pH?

Question 80

57

What does Arginine stimulate that is harmful to perio pathogens?