3. Gingival Diseases Flashcards
5
What are 4 defense mechanisms of the gingiva?
6
What is the frontline barrier against microbial challenge?
6
How many polymorphonuclear leukocytes does the JE allow per minute?
6
What are two cytokines produced by JE?
7
What may be used to help detect or diagnose active periodontal disease?
9
What enzyme is found in the GCF and saliva that destroys collagen in the gingiva and alveolar bone?
9
MMP-8 is associated with the initiation and progression of what?
10
What would a chairside test for detecting MMP-8 levels help clinicians identify?
12
What are three electrolytes found in the GCF?
12
What cytokine is found in the GCF?
12
What prostaglandin is found in the GCF?
12
What three Igs are found in the GCF?
13
What are two drugs secreted in the GCF?
13
What type of effect does tetraycline have in the GCF?
13
What is the clinical implication of Tetracyline and Metronidazole being secreted in the GCF?
14
What are the two leukocyte types that are defense mechanisms in the gingiva?
14
Leukocytes in the gingival sulcus are the major protective mechanism against what?
15
What does saliva modulate bacterial activity with?
16
What cleaves the cell wall of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemocomitans?
16
What system is bactericidal to some Lactobacillus and Streptococcus strains?
16
What is effective against Actinobacillus species?
16
What is released by leukocytes and is bactericidal for Actinobacillus?
17
What antibody predominates in the saliva? Which other two are also present?
17
What are two enzymes found in the saliva?
17
What do anti-proteases (cathepsins) inhibit?
18
What system maitnains the pH of mucosal epithelial cell surface and tooth surface?
18
What are three coagulation factors that protect wounds from bacterial invasion?
22
What is involved with early detection of gingivitis?
22
What is an early sign of gingivitis?
23
What effect does smoking have on BOP? What might this result in?
23
Warn patients who are quitting smoking that they may see an ____ in gingival bleeding.
24
What is the word for firm, resilient gingiva?
24
What is the term for soft, friable, shiny, bleeds easily, swelling, and loss of stippling gingival consistency?
24
In chronic gingivitis, gingiva can become fibrotic again with an increased accumulation of what?
28
What induces inflammatory gingival enlargement?
28
What is an example of acute inflammatory gingival enlargement?
29
Where is the gingival margin relative to the CEJ in a pseudopocket?
29
Is a pseudopocket true attachment loss or no?
33
Where does drug-induced gingival enlargement begin?
33
Drug-induced gingval enlargement is the result of a combination of what two types of inflammation?
34
Gingiva located where is the most affected in drug-induced gingival enlargement?
34
Drug-induced gingival inflammation has a higher prevalence in what age group?
34
Onset of drug-influenced gingival enlargement occurs within how many months of drug use?
36
What is the recurrence rate with drug-induced gingival enlargement?
38
Describe the gingiva in plasma cell gingivitis.
38
Plasma cell gingivitis can be an allergic reaction to what?
41
What is a focal fibrous hyperplasia as a tissue response to gingival enlargement?
42
What virus is a papilloma associated with?
43
What color is a pyogenic granuloma?
43
What can occur during pregnancy?
43
What is the recurrence rate of pyogenic granuloma after surgical removal?
44
What colors can a peripheral giant cell granuloma be?
44
Where are peripheral giant cell granulomas most commonly found?
45
What is peripheral ossifying fibroma similar to?
45
What is formed within the lesion of peripheral ossifying fibromas?
45
What is required to get rid of a peripheral ossifying fibroma?
46
What are the three P’s for a differential diagnosis?
52
What is the most common malignant tumor of the gingiva?
52
What are two characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma?
52
Where can squamous cell carcinoma metastasize to?
55
What is the second most common oral malignancy?
55
Where may B and T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma occur?
55
How does B and T cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma appear? What may it mimic?
58
What are 5 acute periodontal lesions?
59
How does necrotizing gingivitis appear?
59
How does the pseudomembrane appar in necrotizing gingivitis?
60
What are the microbes involved in the etiology of necrotizing gingivitis?
61
What is the treatment for necrotizing gingivitis?
61
What can treat NG if fever and lymphadenopathy are present?
61
What antimicrobial rinse can be used for treatment of NG?
62
What age group is primary herpetic gingivostomatitis most common in?
62
Primary infection of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is _____ in most cases.
65
How long does primary herpetic gingivostomatitis course for?
66
What is the treatment for primary herpetic gingivostomatitis if it is diagnosed within 3 days of onset?
66
What reduces duration of symptoms and viral shedding and new lesion in primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?
66
What CANNOT be used as a palliative treatment of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?
67
What is a differential diagnosis for primary herpetic gingivostomatitis?
68
What is the term for inflammation of gingiva at the crown of an incompletely erupted tooth?
68
Where is pericornitis most commonly seen?
71
What are three systemic diseases affecting the gingiva?
72
What is the name for the systemic disease of necrotizing vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tract, kidneys, arteries, and veins?
74
In Crohn’s disease, what may accompany asymptomatic intestinal involvement?
75
What is the disease where there is abormal proliferation of leukocytes?
75
In this disease, 90% of people present with oral manifestations such as petechiae, spontaneous bleeding, ulcers, gingival enlargement, and mucosal palor.
