7 — Radiation biophysics, dosimetry, biological effect of radiations

Question 1

What is the biological effect of radioactive radiation based on?

Answer 1

Question 2

What kind of particles are able to produce a biological effect in radiation biology?

Answer 2

Question 3

What is a hit in radiation biology?

Answer 3

Question 4

How can a dose-response curve be constructed?

Answer 4

Question 5

What is the probability of generating exactly ‘n’ hits when applying a dose of D in volume V?

Answer 5

Question 6

How does the number of ionizations depend on the dose of the radiation?

Answer 6

Question 7

Write the equation describing the dose-response curve when one hit is necessary for inactivation?

Answer 7

Question 8

What is D37?

Answer 8

Question 9

What is the principle of the indirect action of radiation?

Answer 9

Question 10

What kind of products are capable of damaging biological objects arise during irradiation of aqueous solutions?

Answer 10

Question 11

What is the definition of absorbed dose?

Answer 11

Question 12

Define the unit of equivalent dose.

Answer 12

Question 13

Define effective dose. Why is it necessary to introduce effective dose when examining radiation damage in biological organisms?

Answer 13

Question 14

List the physical factors influencing radiation sensitivity.

Answer 14

Question 15

What is the smallest dose which can produce a biological effect?

Answer 15

Question 16

How can radioactive radiation cause a double strand break in DNA?

Answer 16

Question 17

Write the equation describing cell survival according to the linear-quadratic model.

Answer 17

Question 18

In which part of the cell cycle are cells the most and the least sensitive to radioactive radiation?

Answer 18

Question 19

How does radiosensitivity change as a function of the level of oxygenation?

Answer 19

Question 20

How and why does fractionation of radioactive radiation influence the radiation sensitivity of cells?

Answer 20