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Microbiology > (7) Immunology > Flashcards

(7) Immunology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Proteins secreted by many types of cells that regulate immune cells

A

Cytokines

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2
Q

Antibacterial proteins secreted in sweat and within the lysosome

A

Lysozyme

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3
Q

Any molecule that can bind to immune system component

A

Antigen

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4
Q

Several cell-surface proteins important in antigen presentation

A

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)

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5
Q

The state of protection from infectious diseases

A

Immunity

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6
Q

Cells and the mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms with the ability to recognize and remember specific pathogens

A

Acquired immunity

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7
Q

Cell’s movement in response to a chemical stimulus

A

Chemotaxis

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8
Q

Cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms, in a non-specific manner

A

Innate immunity

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9
Q

Molecules that are unique to microbes that the innate immunity can recognize

A

Pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP)

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10
Q

Phagocyte which arises in the red bone marrow and acts against recognizes free antigen

A

B-cell

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11
Q

Antigen binding molecule secreted by plasma cells

A

Antibody

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12
Q

Primary lysosome fused with phagosome

A

Secondary lysosome

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13
Q

Receptor expressed by innate phagocytic cells (i.e. neutrophils) that recognize general patterns

A

PAMP receptor

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14
Q

Type of nonspecific defensive leukocyte that secretes toxins onto the surfaces of virally infected cells and neoplasms

A

Natural killer cells

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15
Q

Tissue damage by a wound or by an invading pathogenic microorganism induces a complex sequence of events known as an

A

Inflammatory response

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16
Q

Lymphocyte that matures in the thymus and acts against antigens presented in a MHC

A

T-cell

17
Q

Three dimensional region of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system

A

Epitope

18
Q

When an phagocytic cell undergoes the process of endocytosis

A

Phagocytosis

19
Q

An endosome produced by a phagocytic cell after phagocytosis

A

Phagosome

20
Q

Vesicle produced in the cytoplasm after invagination of the plasma membrane to surround contents outside the cell

A

Endosome

21
Q

An organelle with a low pH that contains digestive enzymes such as proteases, lipases, nucleases

A

Lysosome

22
Q

A cellular process where a vesicle or the secondary lysosome membrane fuses with the plasma membrane releases vesicle contents outside the cell

A

Exocoytosis

23
Q

An antibody that is defined by the structure of the heavy chain and not by the variable region

A

Isotype

24
Q

A subset of T cells that have previously encountered and responded to antigen

A

Memory T cells

25
Q

An activated B cell that has proliferated and some of the proliferated B cells will differentiate into antibody factories (plasma cells) or memory B-cells, thus increasing the strength of the antibody response or preparation for later infections (respectively)

A

B cell clonal expansion

26
Q

Type of small agranulocyte which originates and matures in the red bone marrow or thymus and has nuclei that nearly fill the cell

A

Lymphocytes

27
Q

Phagocyte which arises in the red bone marrow and acts against recognizes free antigen

A

B cell

28
Q

Antigen binding molecule secreted by plasma cells

A

Antibody (immunoglobulin)

29
Q

Ability of a B cell to produce a different isotype against the same antigen

A

Antibody class switching

30
Q

Type of nonspecific defensive leukocyte that secretes toxins onto the surfaces of virally infected cells and neoplasms

A

Natural killer cells

31
Q

Lymphocyte that matures in the thymus and acts against antigens presented in a MHC

A

T-cell

32
Q

Three dimensional region of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system

A

Epitope

33
Q

Provides the vertebrate immune system with the ability to recognize and remember specific pathogens and to mount stronger attacks each time the pathogen is encountered

A

Aquired immunity (adaptive immunity)

Microbiology (8 decks)

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