Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

My Anatomy and Physiology > 7. Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

7. Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

The autonomic nervous system is part of which nervous system?

A

The peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which way to afferent nerves go?

A

Carry TO CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which way to efferent nerves go?

A

Carry FROM CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are ganglions?

A

Group of nerve cell bodies in PNS

(where nerve = more than one neuron)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is ANS information integrated?

A

ANS information is integrated in the hypothalamus at the base of the thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What makes up the hindbrain?

A

Pons, medulla, cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Label the hindbrain

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why is the hindbrain important in CNS control of ANS?

A

Hindbrain is an important gateway of nerves between the spinal cord and cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two branches of the ANS?

A

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the sympathetic nervous system for?

A

Fight or flight (catabolic)

Activities that use energy

Most active during exercise and stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the parasympathetic nervous system for?

A

Rest and digest (anabolic)

Controls activities that conserve energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the parasympathetic nervous system response?

A

Decreased HR (bradycardia)

Increased GI motility

Bronchial constriction

Pupil constriction

Gastric acid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are the parasympathetic neurons and what type are they?

A

Cranial/Medullary and sacral regions of the spine

Acetylcholine neurons (for both pre and post ganglionic neurons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Label the neural outputs

A

Note: gap between 2 neurons is synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of neurons make up the Sympathetics ANS?

A

Preganglionic neurons are acetylcholine

Post ganglionic neurons are either acetylcholine or noradrenaline (aka norepinephrine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two types of acetylcholine receptors?

A

Nicotinic

Muscarinic

17
Q

What do nicotinic receptors do?

A

Control ion channels (where ACh is the ligand)

18
Q

Where are nicotinic receptors found?

A

At the ganglionic synapses of the sympathetic and parasympathic divisions

19
Q

Where are muscarinic receptors found?

A

In target tissue of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons

20
Q

What blocks muscarinic receptors?

A

Atropine (from atropa belladona aka deadly nightshade) is the antagonist

21
Q

What blocks nicotinic receptors?

A

Curare is the antagonist

22
Q

Explain the path of the sympathetic adrenergic neurons?

A
23
Q

What are the sympathetic nervous system responses?

A

Increase HR (tachycardia

Increase BP

Increase blood flow to muscle

Increase blood sugar level (energy for muscle)

Inhibits GI peristalsis ( no point in digestion if you’re running away)

Relaxes airways (bronchial dilation) (get more oxygen)

Pupil dilation (more light to retina to see better)

Orgasm

24
Q

Explain the path of sympathetic splanchnic neurons?

A

Note: Stress also causes hormones to be released in the brain and adrenal gland, cortisol is released by the adrenal cortex, cortisol leads to changes in brain of long term stressed

25
Q

How does cocaine act as a stimulant via sympathetic nervous system?

A

Stimulant, appetite suppressant etc

Enhances sympathetic effects by prolonging action of neurotransmitter Noradrenaline (and serotonin and dopamine)

Peripheral NS and central NS

26
Q

How does amphetamine act as a stimulant via sympathetic nervous system?

A

Psychostimulant, increased wakefulness, focus; decreased fatigue, appetite

Prolongs action of neurotransmitters Noradrenaline serotonin and dopamine

Mainly central NS

27
Q

Explain the path of the parasympathetic cholinergic neurons?

A
28
Q

The enteric nervous system is made up of two complex networks, what are these called?

A

Myenteric plexus

Submucous plexus

29
Q

What does the enteric nervous system do?

A

Controls a lot of the processes in food transport and digestion from mouth to anus

30
Q

List some ANS problems?

A

Orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure on standing)

Inability to sweat/excess sweating

Severe constipation

Impotence

31
Q

What can cause ANS problems?

A

Diabetes

Old age

Drugs/medications

Autoimmune degradtion of nerves (MS)

Spinal injury

Brain tumours

My Anatomy and Physiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions