7 Adrenergic Agonists Flashcards

1
Q

describe noncatecholamine:

  1. administration
  2. potency
  3. lipid solubility
  4. duration of action

compared to catecholamines

A
  1. effective as PO
  2. decreased potency compared to catecholamines
  3. lipophilic; can cross BBB
  4. longer duration of action due to COMT/MAO resistances
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2
Q

name the NE releasers

A

tyramine, ephedrine, amphetamine

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3
Q

describe the interaction between MAOI and dietary tyramine(and other NE releasers)

A

tyramine is usually degraded by MAO in the intestines

when MAO is inhibited, mass amounts of NE can be released by ingestion of tyramine rich foods: aged/fermented foods

leads to HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS

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4
Q

peripheral uses for ephedrine

A

b2AR agonist in combination w/NE-releasing

**decongestant - **closes of blood to nose(a1/2) but opens throat (b2)

vasopressor

stress urinary incontinence

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5
Q

cocaine mechanism of action

systemic effects?

A

NET is blocked

NE cannot return from synapse

  • increased BP, HR = increased O2 demand; coronary spasm = less O2 available
    • leads to ischemia, infarction
  • also causes persistent hyperthermia and rhabdomyolysis
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6
Q

5-HT2b agonists

significance?

A

amphetamine, ergot, DA derivatives

can cause drug-induced valvular heart disease

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7
Q

a1AR agonist

A

phenylephrine

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8
Q

a2AR agonist

A

clonidine

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9
Q

describe the mechanism of clonidine action

A

inhibits NE release

low dose: CNS effects

therapeutic dose: anti-hypertensive, lower IOP

high dose: becomes a1AR agonist

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10
Q

respiratory b2AR agonists?

respiratory b1/2AR agonist/non-selective b-agonist?

A

b2AR: albuterol**, **salmeterol

nonselective: isoproteronol

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11
Q

stepped-care approach to asthma treatment

A
  1. SABA
  2. leukotriene-receptor antagonist
  3. leukotriene modifier
  4. LABA
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12
Q

**b2AR agonist **used to delay pre-term labor

A

ritodrine

tolerance dvelops fast(48 hrs) and systemic b2 effects are prominent

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13
Q

clenbuterol

A

b2AR used to gain muscle mass(usually illegally)

“build muscle, burn fat”

long term adverse CV effects - cardiac hypertorophy

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