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PHYSIOLOGY > 6th Evals 2018 - CVS II > Flashcards

6th Evals 2018 - CVS II Flashcards

1
Q
  1. At the venous end of the capillary
    a. The hydrostatic pressure is higher that at the arterial end
    b. The oncotic pressure is lower that at the arterial end
    c. The hydrostatic pressure is lower than at the arterial end
    d. The oncotic pressure is the same as in the arterial end
A

c

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2
Q
  1. In the microcirculation, leakage of plasma proteins into interstitial spaces, as occurs in burns, is expected to lead to
    a. Increased reabsorption of fluid
    b. Increased filtration of fluid
    c. Decreased filtration of fluid
    d. No change in fluid exchange
A

B

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3
Q
  1. For small molecular weight substances, the major means of transcapillary exchange is via
    a. Active transport
    b. Diffusion
    c. Pinocytosis
    d. Osmosis
A

B

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4
Q
  1. In the microcirculation, the majority of fluid exchanges occur in the
    a. Arteriovenous anastomoses
    b. Capillaries
    c. Metarterioles
    d. Precapillary sphincters
    e. Pericytic venules
A

B

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5
Q
  1. The most important function of the lymphatic system is to
    a. Filter out pathogenic bacteria
    b. Provide nutrition to the interstitial cells of the body
    c. Remove cellular elements, particularly RBCs, that have been lost to
    the tissues
    d. Return protein, water and electrolytes back to the blood
A

D

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6
Q
  1. An increase in tissue concentration of which of the following metabolites is NOT expected to cause vasodilation?
    a. Adenosine
    b. Carbon dioxide
    c. Lactic acid
    d. oxygen
    e. Potassium
A

D

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7
Q
  1. An abnormal collection of fluid in the extracellular/interstitial space (edema) may be produced by which of the following?
    a. Decreased capillary hydrostatic pressure
    b. Decreased capillary membrane permeability
    c. Decreased plasma proteins
    d. All of the above
A

C

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8
Q
  1. During maximal exercise, skeletal muscle blood flow increases 20x the resting value. This increase is mainly due to
    a. Increased arterial blood pressure
    b. Increased secretion of catecholamines
    c. Local metabolic factors
    d. Stimulation of sympathetic constrictor nerves
    e. Stimulation of sympathetic vasodilator nerves
A

C

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9
Q
  1. In the coronary circulation
    a. Autoregulation does not exist
    b. Coronarybloodflowisgreatestduringleftventricularsystole
    c. Parasympathetic neural regulation dominates over the sympathetic
    d. Venous oxygen content is one of the lowest in the body
A

d

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10
Q

10.An increase blood flow is observed when the cardiac sympathetic nerves are stimulated because
a. Theneurotransmitterreleasedstimulatebeta-adrenergicreceptors
b. Theneurotransmitternorepinephrinegetsconvertedtoepinephrine
c. The resulting increase in contractility and heart rate produce
vasodilating metabolites
d. Alloftheabove

A

c

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11
Q
  1. The increased blood flow to skeletal muscle during exercise may result from which of the following mechanisms?
    a. Afallinbodytemperature
    b. Afallinpotassiumionconcentration
    c. A rise in tissue carbon dioxide partial pressure
    d. Ariseintissueoxygenpartialpressure
A

c

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12
Q

12.Concerning coronary blood flow, which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. Coronarybloodflowisregulatedbythebaroreceptorreflexes
b. Isapproximatelyabout25%ofthecardiacoutputatrest
c. Significant right coronary artery perfusion occurs during systole
d. Thecoronarycirculationhasthelowestarteriovenousoxygen
difference of all the major organs of the body

A

c

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13
Q
  1. The most important factor regulating coronary blood flow is
    a. Activityofthecardiacsympatheticnerves
    b. Activityofvagustotheheart
    c. Coronary perfusion pressure
    d. Metabolicactivityofthemyocardium
A

d

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14
Q
  1. All but one of the following would be expected to result in edema formation. Which one?
    a. Blockageoflympathicsfromthetissues
    b. Prolongedarteriolardilatation
    c. Prolonged venule dilatation
    d. Reduced level of plasma proteins
A

C

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15
Q
  1. Coronary blood flow to the left ventricle increases abruptly during
    a. Diastasis
    b. Isovolumetriccontractionphase
    c. Isovolumetric relaxation phase
    d. Rapidejectionperiod
A

C

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16
Q
  1. The term microcirculation refers to
    a. Bloodcirculationinarterioles,metarterioles,capillariesandvenules
    b. Bloodflowincapillaries
    c. Circulation through heart
    d. Circulationthroughtheskin
A

A

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17
Q
  1. Filtration in the microcirculation increases as the
    a. Tissue hydrostatic pressure decreases
    b. Oncotic pressure of interstitial fluid decreases
    c. Radius of upstream arterioles decreases
    d. Hydrostatic pressure in capillaries decreases
A

A

18
Q
  1. Lymph flow from the foot is expected to
    a. Decrease with exercise
    b. Increase by massaging the foot
    c. Increase when an individual rises from a supine to standing position
    d. Increase when capillary permeability is decreased
A

B

19
Q

19.The flare in the triple reaction results from
a. Activation of an axon reflex causing dilatation of arterioles and
venules
b. Constriction of collecting venules
c. Direct mechanical stimulation of the capillaries
d. Transudation of fluid due to increased capillary permeability

A

A

20
Q
  1. Which of the following is not part of the triple reaction
    a. Flare or spreading flush
    b. Red reaction
    c. Wheal or localized edema
    d. White reaction
A

D

21
Q

21.Solute exchange between the capillaries and tissues occurs mainly by diffusion. True or False

A

True

22
Q

22.The plasma proteins play an important role in tissue fluid exchange. True or False

A

True

23
Q

23.Capillary hydrostatic pressure depends solely on venous pressure. True or False

A

False

24
Q

24.All of the fluid that passes from the capillaries to the tissues is returned to
the blood via the lymphatic circulation . True or False

A

False

25
Q

25.Edema is caused by excessive fluid resorption from the tissues. True or False

A

False

26
Q

26.Vasomotion aids fluid uptake from the interstitial space. True or False

A

False

27
Q

27.The production of lymph is increased when venous pressure is raised. True or False

A

True

28
Q

28.The movement of fluid into the tissues is favored during lymphatic obstruction . True or False

A

True

29
Q

29.The flow of lymph is driven by contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the large lymphatic vessels . True or False

A

True

30
Q

30.Flow to the coronary artery supplying the atria and right ventricle is significantly reduced during systole. True or False

A

False

31
Q

31.Flow to the subendocardial portion of the left ventricle occurs mostly during diastole . True or False

A

True

32
Q

32.A low diastolic aortic pressure increases coronary blood flow. True or False

A

False

33
Q

33.Left ventricular coronary flow is increased during tachycardia. True or False

A

True

34
Q

34.Diffusion across the capillary walls is dependent on Starling forces . True or False

A

False

35
Q

35.Flow limited exchange means that diffusion can be increased by
increasing blood flow through the tissue. True or False

A

True

36
Q

36.Cutaneous vasculature is more efficient at promoting heat loss than it is in
preventing heat loss . True or False

A

True

37
Q

37.Warming the hypothalamus results in generalized cutaneous

vasoconstriction . True or False

A

False

38
Q

38.The cutaneous arteriovenous anastomoses are innervated exclusively by
parasympathetic nerve fibers. True or False

A

False

39
Q

39.Cutaneous blood flow increases in response to stimulation of sympathetic
cholinergic fibers that innervate sweat glands. True or False

A

True

40
Q

40.Cutaneous circulation exhibit the same arteriovenous oxygen difference as that of skeletal muscle at rest . True or False

A

False

PHYSIOLOGY (21 decks)

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