6.Integration of salt and water

Question 1

Factors that promote renin secretion

Answer 1

decr. afferent arteriolar pressure
incr. sympathetic activity
decr. macula densa NaCl delivery

Question 2

Downstream actions of angiotensin II (renin)

Answer 2

Incr. sympathetic activity
Tubular Na, Cl reabsorption, K excretion. Water retention
Aldosterone secretion adrenal gland
Vasoconstriction
ADH secretion pituitary

Question 3

Osmolality

Regulated by

Answer 3

Regulated by changes in renal water handling
Tightly regulated to + 1-2%
Mediator: ADH (AVP)

Question 4

ECF volume

Regulated by

Answer 4

Regulated by changes in renal Na+ handling
Varies up and down all day long
Mediators: renin-angiotensin, and sympathetic nervous systems

Question 5

Changes in ECF volume are compensated by changes in __ by the ____

Answer 5

Na+ reabsorption by the kidney

Question 6

Decreased ECF volume is compensated by increased

Answer 6

by increased renal reabsorption of Na+.

Question 7

When ECF volume increases, there is less reabsorption of

Answer 7

Na

Question 8

Which systems will incr. Na+ reabsorption

Answer 8

ReninAngiotensinAldosterone RAA system*
Sympathetic Nervous System
ADH

Question 9

Which systems will Decr. Na+ reabsorption

Answer 9

ANP*
decr RAA & SNS activity
Dopamine
Prostaglandins

Question 10

An increase in macula densa NaCl concentration leads to a decrease in

Answer 10

renin secretion.

Question 11

production of ____promotes the sodium-hydrogen exchanger

Answer 11

angiotensin II

Question 12

An decrease in ________levels results in excretion of salt and water in the urine

Answer 12

angiotensin II

Question 13

A high salt pasta meal will lead to a decrease in

Answer 13

angiotensin II levels

Question 14

Dehydration will lead to a _____in ADH levels

Answer 14

increas

Question 15

The angiotensin response to haemorrhage is decreased if the renal nerves to the kidney are

Answer 15

denervated

Question 16

Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote?.

Answer 16

sodium retention by the kidneys

Question 17

Angiotensin I is produced by the action of ?

Answer 17

renin (an enzyme produced by the kidneys) on a protein called angiotensinogen, which is formed by the liver.

Question 18

______ of the renal artery will lead to increased sodium and water reabsorption

Answer 18

Stenosis