1. Body Fluid Compartments & Water Transport Flashcards
basic common activities, e.g. protein synthesis, ATP production, maintenance of cell volume and composition etc
Cells: basic unit of living organisms
muscle, connective, nerve and epithelial
Tissues
Composed of 4 types of tissues
Functional Unit
Organ systems:
Several organs which work in concert to perform a particular role e.g. urinary systems, gastrointestinal system, nerve system etc
stimuli that can disrupt homeostasis
Internal: Change in blood glucose, pH
External: Exercise, physical insults- heats lack of air, psychological stress
Negative feedback requires at least 4 elements
sensor, ability to compare to reference, sufficient gain, effector mechanism
Negative vs positive feedback:
reverses/ reinforces change in controlled direction
ECF
Blood plasma
Interstitial fluid
Transcellular fluid
Water distribution in human adults
Men 60% of body weight
Women 50% of body weight
Difference in I
CF/ ECF Solutes are responsible for?
Setting membrane potential Generating electrical activity Muscle contraction Nutrient uptake (2ndary transport) Generating intracellular signal cascade
How do solutes move
Passive non coupled transport across permeable membrane electrochemical gradient
Through intrinsic membrane proteins- pore- channels- carriers- co transporters
Osmosis is
net diffusion of water (across a semi-permeable membrane) from a region of high water concentration to one that has a lower water concentration
Osmolarity
total concentration of all particles free in a solution): osmoles per litre of solution
Osmolality
(total concentration of all particles free in water): osmoles per KG of water
Osmotic pressure
The precise amount of pressure required to prevent the flow of water through a semi-permeable membrane (osmosis) (calculated by van’t Hoff’s law, in reality = msomole x 19.3 mmHg)
