6.1 study guide Flashcards
Prokaryote
does not contain membrane bound organelles like nucleus.
Eukaryote
contains membrane bound. contains nucleus.
plant cells
eukaryotic, contain membrane bound organelle
bacteria cell
prokaryotic, do not contain such membrane bound organelles.
Benefits of both the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell plans
Prokaryotic cells can also form biofilms, which provide protection and allow for cooperative behavior. Eukaryotic cells have several advantages over prokaryotic cells. Their larger size allows for more complex structures and specialized organelles, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. eukaryotic cells to carry out more functions than prokaryotic cells can.
vesicles
small containers that carry materials between cell compartments and out of the cell
cell membrane
protective barrier controls what molecules get in and out, helps cells communicate with each other
nucleus
stores genetic information in the form of DNA and where genes get copied to make mRNA
cytoskeleton
long protein fibers that give a cell shape and structure, keep organelles in place
mitochondria
kidney-shaped with two layers of membranes, break down molecules to get energy for the cell
ribosomes
small structures that read messages from the nucleus to build proteins
endoplasmic reticulum
where lipids and hormones are made (smooth) and where some proteins proteins are made (rough)
golgi apparatus
gets packages of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum, moves them through a series of stacked compartments. It tags proteins based on where they need to go in the cell.
lysosomes
small compartments filled with digestive enzymes that break down unneeded proteins and damaged cell parts for recycling
